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Matter
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evaporation | takes place only on the surface of the liquid. |
| Boiling | When vaporization occurs both below the and at the surface. |
| Boiling Point | Temperature at which a liquid boils. |
| Condensation | When a gas changes to a liquid. |
| Sublimation: | When a substance changes straight from a solid to a gas. |
| Melting | When a solid changes to a liquid |
| Melting point | the temperature at which a substance melts. |
| Freezing | When a liquid changes to a solid |
| Freezing point | the temperature when a substance freezes. |
| Solid | closely packed particles cause matter to have a definite shape and definite volume. |
| Crystalline solids | particles form a regular repeating pattern called crystals. Example: salt, sugar, and snow. |
| Amorphous solids | particles not arranged in a repeating pattern. Example: Glass, plastic, and rubber. |
| Surface Tension: | An inward force, or pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together. |
| Viscosity | A liquid's resistance to flowing. Example: Honey has a high viscosity. |
| Liquid | particles are free to move so a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape. |
| Gas | particles are able to move and spread out filling all space available, thus gases have no definite shape or definite volume. |
| Pressure | gas particles constantly collide with one another and the walls of their container. Pressure is the outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. Pressure= Force/Area. |
| Temperature | the higher the temperature the faster particles moving. |
| Charles’s Law | When the temperature of a gas at a constant pressure is increased the volume is increased, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is decreased. |
| Directly proportional | as one amount increases, another amount increases at the same rate. |
| Boyles Law | When the pressure of a gas at a constant temperature is increased the volume decreases, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is increased. |
| Inversely proportional | When the value of one variable increases, the other decreases. |
| Inversely proportional | When the value of one variable increases, the other decreases. |