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BIO TEST 3

QuestionAnswer
Main jobs of skeletal system support and protection, movement, blood cell formation, storage of inorganic salts, calcium and vitamin D
Division of skeletal system axial - head and chest appendicular - everything else is hanging on
types of bones long, short, flat, irregular
osteoblast creating new bone
osteoclast breaking down or moving bone
epiphyseal plate growth plate
bone growth and development vitamin D - nutrition hormones - to grow and develop physical exercise
crest (re: bone process) narrow ridge that comes to a point
facet (re: bone process) small, flat
foramen (re: bone process) opening
fossa (re: bone process) pit or depression inward
head (re: bone process) end of long bone
process (re: bone process) projection
spine (re: bone process) pointy projection sticking off bone
tuberosity (re: bone process) knob
simple fracture clean break
compound fracture comes through skin, worry is infection and blood loss
comminuated fracture several pieces of broken bone
compression (impacted) fracture bones hitting each other
depressed fracture goes inward
spiral fracture twisting motion
greenstick fracture partial fracture in children, who have pliable bones
epiphyseal fracture at growth plate
four steps of fracture repair - hematoma (blood ball forms at fracture - fibroblasts form cartilage between two pieces - osteoblasts form bone at site including extra bone - osteoclasts - remodel
osteoporosis loss of bone content/density, specifically in spongy bone
juvenile osteoporosis is completely over by completion of puberty
fibrous joints found between two bones, ex: suture in skull
cartilaginous joints connected by hyaline or fibrocartilage, ex: intervertebral discs help absorb shock
synovial joints diarthotic - articular ends covered in hyaline cartilage
synarthrotic joint movement immovable
ampiarhrotic slightly movable
diarthrotic freely movable
sliding/gliding/plane joint motion over or past each other, ex: WRIST
ball and socket joint humerus/femur
hinge joint one direction joint, ex: elbow
saddle joint only in thumb
pivot joint point of movement that can rotate around it, ex: PROXIMAL AND DISTAL RADIOULNAR JOINTS IN FOREARM
suture joint immovable, ex: skull
knee joint femur, patella, tibia, fibula outside ligaments - lateral collateral (LCL), medial collateral (MCL) cross ligaments - posterior cruciate (PCL), anterior curciate ligament (ACL) Patellar ligament (PL Quadriceps tendon
flexion bending parts of a joint so the angle between them decreases
extension moving parts of a joint so the angle between them increases and and parts move farther apart
hyperextension extension of the parts beyond the anatomical position
abduction moving a part away from the midline
adduction moving a part toward the midline
dorsiflexion movement at the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin
plantar flexion movement at the ankle that brings the foot father away from the shin
circumduction moving a part so that its end follows a circular path
rotation moving a part around an axis
medial rotation turning of a limb on its longitudinal axis so its anterior surface moves toward the midline
lateral rotation turning of a limb on its longitudinal axis so its posterior surface moves towards the midline
supination rotation of the forearm so the palm is facing anteriorly
pronation rotation of the forearm so the palm is facing posteriorly
inversion turning the foot so the plantar surface faces medially
eversion turning the foot so the plantar surface faces laterally
protraction moving a part forward
retraction moving a part backward
elevation raising a part
depression lowering a part
Created by: user-1998695
 

 



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