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human anatomy 6-12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Osteon (Haversian System) | The structural unit of compact bone that contains concentric lamellae, a central canal, and osteocytes housed in lacunae. |
| Epiphyseal Plate | The growth plate made of hyaline cartilage where longitudinal bone growth occurs during childhood and adolescence |
| Foramen Magnum | The large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes to connect with the brainstem. |
| Intervertebral Disc | Fibrocartilage pads between vertebrae that absorb shock and allow flexibility. |
| Acetabulum | The deep socket of the hip bone that articulates with the head of the femur, forming the hip joint. |
| Glenoid Cavity | The shallow socket on the scapula where the head of the humerus fits to form the shoulder joint. |
| Synovial Joint | A freely movable joint characterized by a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, and a joint capsule filled with synovial fluid. |
| Ligament | Dense regular connective tissue that connects bone to bone, stabilizing joints. |
| Sarcomere | The basic contractile unit of a muscle fiber, containing actin and myosin filaments arranged for sliding filament contraction. |
| Action Potential | A rapid change in electrical membrane potential that allows neurons to send signals along axons. |