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Yveth Gonzalez
Anatomy weeks 6-12
| Question/Term | Answer/Definition |
|---|---|
| What is the primary function of axial muscles? | Axial muscles supports and stabilize the head, neck, and trunk and aid in posture. |
| Appendicular Muscles | Muscles that control movement and stabilization of the upper and lower limbs. |
| What type of glial cell forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system? | Oligodendrocytes |
| Neuron | A nerve cell responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the nervous system. |
| What is the difference between the CNS and PNS? | The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS consists of all nerves outside the CNS. |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | Division of the autonomic nervous system that activates the "fight or flight" response by increasing heart rate, respiration, and alertness. |
| Which nervous system promotes digestion and relaxation? | The parasympathetic nervous system ("rest and digest"). |
| Baroreceptor | A sensory receptor that detects changes in blood pressure. |
| Which gland is known as the "master gland" of the endocrine system? | The pituitary gland. |
| Cardiac Output | The amount of blood the heart pumps per minute (heart rate times stroke and volume). |
| What are the two main components of blood? | Plasma and formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). |
| Lymph Node | Small structure that filters lymph and helps trap pathogens to initiate immune responses. |
| What is the function of the spleen in the immune system? | It filters blood, removes damaged red blood cells, and stores white blood cells to fight infection. |
| Term | The physical movement of air into and out of the lungs. |
| What occurs during external respiration? | Gas exchange between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries, where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide is removed. |