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study stack 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Action potential | Rapid change in membrane potential due to Na⁺ influx followed by K⁺ efflux. |
| Reflex arc | Neural pathway including receptor → sensory neuron → interneuron → motor neuron → effector. |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemical released at synapses to transmit signals between neurons. |
| Hormone | Chemical messenger produced by endocrine glands transported in blood. |
| Negative feedback | Process where output reduces or shuts off original stimulus. |
| TSH | Thyroid-stimulating hormone, promotes release of thyroid hormones. |
| Blood Pathway through heart | Vena cava → RA → RV → lungs → LA → LV → aorta. |
| Hematocrit | Percentage of blood volume composed of red blood cells |
| Pacemaker of the heart | SA node |
| surfactant | Substance that reduces surface tension in alveoli to prevent collapse. |
| Alveoli | Primary site of gas exchange in the lungs. |
| COPD | Chronic disease causing airflow obstruction and alveolar damage. |