What structures make up the main pathway of the respiratory system?

The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

To exchange gases by bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide

What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific defense, while adaptive immunity provides specific, long-term protection through memory cells.

What is the primary role of the immune system?

To protect the body from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other harmful agents

What structures are part of the lymphatic system?

Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, the spleen, thymus, and tonsils

What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

It returns excess fluid to the bloodstream and helps maintain fluid balance in the body

What is the primary role of red blood cells?

Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

What are the main components of blood?

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

What are the four chambers of the heart?

The right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle

How do hormones travel through the body?

Hormones are released into the bloodstream and carried to target organs or tissues

What is the general function of sensory receptors?

Sensory receptors detect specific types of stimuli (like light, sound, or chemicals) and send that information to the nervous system

What are the two main divisions of the ANS?

The sympathetic division (“fight or flight”) and the parasympathetic division (“rest and digest”)

What is the primary role of the PNS?

It carries sensory information to the CNS and delivers motor commands from the CNS to the body

What is the main function of the central nervous system?

It processes information, integrates signals, and coordinates the body’s responses

What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system?

Neurons and neuroglia (glial cells)

Where are axial muscles located in the body?

Axial muscles are located along the central axis of the body, including the head, neck, vertebral column, and thoracic region

What is the main function of appendicular muscles?

Appendicular muscles primarily control movement of the upper and lower limbs, including actions like lifting, walking, and grasping

What triggers and transmits a nerve signal?

A nerve signal starts when a neuron reaches threshold and fires an action potential. The impulse travels down the axon and, at the terminal, calcium enters and triggers neurotransmitter release

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Emma Brooks #2

Physiology weeks 7-13

Question	Answer
What structures make up the main pathway of the respiratory system?	The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?	To exchange gases by bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide
What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?	Innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific defense, while adaptive immunity provides specific, long-term protection through memory cells.
What is the primary role of the immune system?	To protect the body from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other harmful agents
What structures are part of the lymphatic system?	Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, the spleen, thymus, and tonsils
What is the main function of the lymphatic system?	It returns excess fluid to the bloodstream and helps maintain fluid balance in the body
What is the primary role of red blood cells?	Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
What are the main components of blood?	Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
What are the four chambers of the heart?	The right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle
How do hormones travel through the body?	Hormones are released into the bloodstream and carried to target organs or tissues
What is the general function of sensory receptors?	Sensory receptors detect specific types of stimuli (like light, sound, or chemicals) and send that information to the nervous system
What are the two main divisions of the ANS?	The sympathetic division (“fight or flight”) and the parasympathetic division (“rest and digest”)
What is the primary role of the PNS?	It carries sensory information to the CNS and delivers motor commands from the CNS to the body
What is the main function of the central nervous system?	It processes information, integrates signals, and coordinates the body’s responses
What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system?	Neurons and neuroglia (glial cells)
Where are axial muscles located in the body?	Axial muscles are located along the central axis of the body, including the head, neck, vertebral column, and thoracic region
What is the main function of appendicular muscles?	Appendicular muscles primarily control movement of the upper and lower limbs, including actions like lifting, walking, and grasping
What triggers and transmits a nerve signal?	A nerve signal starts when a neuron reaches threshold and fires an action potential. The impulse travels down the axon and, at the terminal, calcium enters and triggers neurotransmitter release

Created by: user-1990997

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