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Chantal Ronco
Human Anatomy (Study 2)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A muscle that bends the knee would likely include which term in its name? | Flexor |
| Which muscle does not move the foot? | Sartorius |
| Which muscle has fibers that run on a transverse (horizontal) plane? | Transverse abdominis |
| Muscles located on the lower leg primarily move the _____. | Foot |
| Which of the following is not part of the quadriceps femoris group? | Biceps femoris |
| Which muscle is least used when pressing a weight overhead? | Biceps brachii |
| A muscle that bends the knee (femur → tibia) is acting as the _____. | Prime mover |
| Which of the following is not a function of the central nervous system (CNS)? a. Integrating sensory information b.Evaluating the information c. Initiating an outgoing response d. All of the above are functions of the CNS. | d. All of the above are functions of the CNS. |
| A neuron that has only one axon but several dendrites is classified as a _____ neuron. | Multipolar |
| Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is: | Dendrite, cell body, and axon. |
| Gray matter in the brain and spinal cord consists primarily of: | Cell bodies. |
| A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse toward the central nervous system is called a(n): | Sensory neuron |
| Which is true of a reflex arc? | It always consists of an afferent neuron and an efferent neuron. |
| The white matter of the nervous system is made up of: | Myelinated fibers |
| Neurons in the CNS have less chance of regenerating for all of the following reasons except: | Microglia lay down scar tissue. |
| Small distinct regions of gray matter in the CNS are called: | Nuclei |
| The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the | Somatic nervous system. |
| Which plexus contains nerves that innervate the lower part of the shoulder and the entire arm? | Brachial plexus |
| The brain has how many major divisions? | Five |
| The phrenic nerve is part of which plexus? | Cervical plexus |
| Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles, central canal, and the _____. | Subarachnoid space |
| Beta receptors bind which neurotransmitter? | Norepinephrine |
| What is the cranial number for the vagus nerve? | X (10th cranial nerve) |
| The spinal ganglion is found on which part of the spinal nerve? | Dorsal nerve root |
| Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the _____. | Subdural space |
| The pyramids are found in the _____. | Medulla |
| What gel-like structure is embedded with the tips of cochlear hair cells? | Tectorial membrane |
| Which hormone class is released during chronic stress and suppresses immune function? | Glucocorticoids |
| What endolymph-filled structure contains the receptors for hearing? | Cochlear duct (scala media) |
| What fluid fills the posterior segment of the eye? | Vitreous humor |
| Which endocrine gland stores its hormone extracellularly for months? | Thyroid gland |
| What gland in the thorax also plays a key role in immune function? | Thymus gland |
| Which area of the retina has the highest concentration of cones? | Fovea centralis |
| Which mineral is essential for the formation of thyroid hormone? | Iodine |
| Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children? | Calcitonin |
| Which nerve carries taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue? | Facial nerve (CN VII) |
| Blood type refers to the type of blood cell _____. | Antigen |
| What fetal opening allows blood to bypass the lungs by moving from right atrium to left atrium? | Foramen ovale |
| A decrease in the number of white blood cells is called _____. | Leukopenia |
| Mechanical structures that permit one-way blood flow are called _____. | Valves |
| The internal iliac artery supplies blood to the _____. | Pelvis |
| The molecule responsible for the red pigment of RBCs is _____. | Hemoglobin |
| The conduction system of the heart includes the SA node, AV node, AV bundle, and _____. | Purkinje fibers |
| Microscopic vessels that connect arteries to veins are called _____. | Capillaries |
| The structure known as the heart’s pacemaker is the _____. | SA node |
| After blood returns from the lungs, it enters which chamber of the heart? | Left atrium |
| Lymphatics differ from veins in that they have thinner walls, more valves, and _____. | Lymph nodes located along their course |
| Lymph and interstitial fluid differ from plasma because they have a lower percentage of _____. | Proteins |
| The cisterna chyli originates where? | Thoracic duct |
| Hassall corpuscles are found in which organ? | Thymus |
| Tonsils form a protective ring under mucous membranes in the throat. What are they? | Masses of lymphoid tissue (tonsils) |
| Which lymphatic organ is located in the left hypochondriac region? | Spleen |
| Which substance lowers pH to destroy pathogens? | Hydrochloric acid |
| Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries found where? | Small intestine |
| Adaptive (third line) immunity is controlled by what class of white blood cell? | Lymphocytes |
| How many total lobes are in both lungs combined? | 5 |
| The intrinsic muscles of the larynx primarily serve what function? | Voice production |
| The more common name for the pharynx is the _____. | Throat |
| The external openings of the nasal cavities are called _____. | Nostrils / Anterior (external) nares |
| Where is olfactory epithelium found? | Covering the superior turbinate |
| Which structure is not found in the left lung? | Horizontal fissure |
| In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the _____. | Horizontal fissure |
| Why do aspirated objects most often enter the right bronchus? | It is larger and more vertical |
| Surfactant is produced by which cells? | Type II alveolar cells |
| Paranasal sinuses are normally filled with _____. | Air |
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Cronco