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psych areas
cog, bio, social
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cog area- principles + assumptions | mental rpocesses should be studied objectively. theories should be used to explain the mental processes that lead to behaviour |
| cog area- principles + assumptions | brain dysfunction and structure affect cog processes. concerned with investigating mental processes like thinking and menory |
| cog area- underlying idea | mind works like a computer, info inputted, stored and retrieved. our minds actively manipulate the info we recieve |
| cog area- strengths | recognises the complexity of the human mind and the need to explain how it works- usually lab exp to obtain findings |
| cog area- strengths | causality can be inferred, findings are reliable as replication is possible |
| cog area- strengths | often has real world applicayions eg. can help us understand and help people who have not devleoped their cog abilities in the normal way |
| cog area- weakness | has a narrow focus on mental processes- does not automatically take into account indibidual, situational or biological factors in behaviour. many theories produced hard to test as mental provesses hidden from view in brain |
| cog area- weakness | mainly lab exp- p's realise they are being studied and change behaviour- demand characteristics. artifical and so is questionable whether their results reflect real life behaviour- ecological validity |
| CBT PE | based on how someone thinks about an event/situation. focuses on changing thought patterns so that these situations etc are percieved more positively in the future. |
| CBT LE | for example, research shows that people prone to depression tend to view loss as their fault. using cbt to help such people to make more external, unstable and and specific attributes has been successful at reducing their vulnerability to depression |
| Soc area- principles and assumptions | soc psychs study how people interact. soc influence can be invisible but its effects are powerful. principles include: main influence on behaviour is our surrounding environment and other people eg. family/ friends |
| soc area- principles and assumptions | social context rather than personality influences people's behaviour. people are influenced by the actual, imagined (exists in the mind but not real eg. caring what others think) and the implied (eg. scared of being trampled on) |
| soc area- strengths | strongly supports nature side of nature/ nuture debate, milgrams study- showed person is influenced by situation- enables us to understand which behaviours affected by surrounding |
| soc area- weaknesses | very determinsitic- people around you alter your behaviour, milgram's study- people's respondibility for their behaviour may be limited |
| soc area- mass psychological illness | group of people have similar physical symptoms with no known physical cause, 1998 in tennesse- teacher and students had a variety of symptoms- hospitalised and school evacuated- no physical cause found |
| bio area- principles and concepts | focuses on geentics, neurochemical and how the brain and nervous system work as explanations of behaviour |
| bio area- principles and concepts | all that is psychological is first physiological- the mind resides in the brain so all thoughts, feelings etc have a biological cause |
| bio area- principles and concepts | much behaviour has a genetic basis- genes have evolved over millions of years to adapt our physiology to our environment ( we have evolved behaviours over time) |
| bio area- strengths | very scientifc- bio approach adopts all the features of science including objectivity and realibility, usefulness of research - provided in the extensive applicaiton of treatments, eg. maguire- scientific approach- MRI (brain plasticity) |
| bio area- weakness | reductionist- reducing cause of complex behaviours to a physiological basis, ignoring all other possible causes of behaviour eg. environment, deterministic- assumes biology is cause of behaviour- individuals have no free will in how they behave |
| bio area- applications | anti- psychotics- used in the treatment of scizophrenia by reducing psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, anti anxiety drugs- used to reduce symptoms of anxiety eg. valium |
Created by:
rosielottie