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Tina J
SCI220-5 Human Anatomy week 6-12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Endomysium | The skeletal muscle cells, or muscle fibers, are covered by a delicate connective tissue membrane. |
| Fascia | Fibrous connective tissue surrounding the muscle organ and located outside the epimysium and tendon. |
| Rotator cuff | The musculotendinous cuff resulting from this fusion. |
| Serratus anterior | Helps hold the scapula against the thorax to prevent “winging” and is a strong abductor that is useful in pushing or punching movements. |
| Neurons | Excitable cells that conduct the impulses that make possible all nervous system functions. |
| Cerebral peduncles | Extending divergently through it are two ropelike masses of white matter. |
| Vermis | Cerebellum consists of two large lateral masses, the left and right cerebellar hemispheres, and a central section. |
| Lumbar plexus | Formed by the intermingling of fibers from the first four lumbar nerves. |
| Dermatome | Skin surface area supplied by sensory fibers of a given spinal nerve |
| Autonomic nervous system (ANS) | A subdivision of the nervous system that regulates involuntary effectors |
| Cholinergic | Axons that release ACh. |
| Diabetic neuropathy | Sensations are also commonly diminished or lost over time in diabetics because of nerve damage. |
| Tactile disk | Light touch is mediated by a flattened or disk-shaped variation of a free nerve ending. |
| Olfaction | Sense of smell. |
| Tastants | Generation of a receptor potential begins when GPCRs or ion channels in the plasma membranes of gustatory hairs bind to taste producing chemicals. |
| Hypersecretion | Production of too much hormone by a diseased gland. |
| Hyposecretion | If too little hormone is produced, the condition. |
| Tropic hormones | Hormones that have a stimulating effect on other endocrine glands. |
| Arginine vasopressin (AVP) | Human vasopressin contains the amino acid arginine, unlike the vasopressin of some other organisms. |
| Plasma | The watery fluid portion of blood is the extracellular matrix of blood tissue, a type of connective tissue. |
| Blood serum | The pale yellowish liquid left after a clot forms. |
| Pericardium | The heart has its own special covering, a multilayered sac. |
| Fibrous pericardium | Tough, loose-fitting, and inelastic sac around the heart. |
| Elastic arteries | The largest in the body and include the aorta and some of its major branches. |
| Artery | A vessel that carries blood away from the heart. |
| Hemodynamics | A term used to describe a collection of mechanisms that influence the active and changing or dynamic circulation of blood. |
| Perfusion pressure | This local pressure gradient needed to maintain blood flow in a tissue. |
| Involution | The process of shrinkage of an organ in this manner. |
| Tonsils | Masses of lymphoid tissue. |
| Antigens | These molecular markers visible to the immune system. |
| Chemotaxis | Mediators are chemotactic factors that is, substances that attract white blood cells (WBCs) to the area in a process. |
| Cytokines | The chemical messengers released by T cells. |
| Lymphotoxin | Powerful poison that acts more directly, quickly killing any cell it attacks. |
| Upper respiratory tract | Composed of the nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, and larynx. |
| Epiglottis | A small leaf shaped cartilage that projects upward behind the tongue and hyoid bone |
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