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Week 6-12
Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The flexor muscles that move the fingers are mostly located on the: | anterior medial surface of the forearm |
| Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the: | perimysium. |
| The posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm is the: | triceps brachii. |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | Flexor |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Which of the following is true? | The knee is acting as a fulcrum. |
| When an athlete injures a muscle of the hamstring group, the injury is on the: | posterior thigh. |
| The muscle that allows the thumb to be drawn across the palm to touch the tip of any finger is the: | opponens pollicis. |
| Multipolar neurons have: | multiple dendrites and one axon |
| The afferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system: | carry feedback information to integrating centers in the brain. |
| Dendrites conduct impulses _____ cell bodies. | toward |
| Gray matter in the brain and spinal cord consists primarily of | cell bodies. |
| The efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system consist of the ________ nervous systems. | sympathetic and parasympathetic |
| The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the: | somatic nervous system. |
| Which of the following compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier? | Dopamine |
| Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the: | subdural space. |
| The brain has _____ major divisions. | six |
| The sensory cranial nerves include only the: | olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear. |
| Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles, into the central canal, and _____, and is absorbed back into the blood. | subarachnoid space |
| Spinal nerves are _____ fibers. | motor and sensory |
| Beta receptors: | bind norepinephrine. |
| Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers? | Most inhibit the lower motor neuron. |
| The spinal tract is located on the side of the cord, originates in the brain, and terminates in the spinal cord in the _____ tract. | lateral corticospinal |
| Several “vital centers” are located in the: | medulla. |
| All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons except: | they have long fibers from CNS to ganglion. |
| The peripheral nervous system includes: | only cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and their branches. |
| The pyramids are formed in the: | medulla. |
| Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children. | calcitonin |
| Pancreatic cell type that produces insulin. | beta cells |
| Which of the following areas has the highest concentration of cones? | the fovea centralis |
| Membrane attached to the stapes. | oval window |
| Receptors for hearing are located in the | cochlear duct. |
| Which endocrine gland stores enough of its hormone extracellularly to last several months? | the thyroid |
| Endolymph-filled structure containing receptors for hearing. | cochlear duct |
| Region of the adrenal cortex that secretes DHEA. | zona reticularis |
| Class of hormones secreted during chronic stress that depress immune function. | glucocorticoids |
| Microscopic vessels that carry blood from small arteries to small veins are | capillaries |
| Blood flow from the heart through blood vessels to all parts of the body and back to the heart is referred to as _____ circulation. | systemic |
| The _____ drains much of the superficial leg and foot. | great saphenous vein |
| From which vessels do myocardial cells receive blood? | coronary arteries |
| After blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart, it enters the | left atrium. |
| Erythrocytes begin their maturation sequence in red bone marrow from nucleated cells known as: | hematopoietic stem cells. |
| The heart has its own special covering, a loose-fitting inextensible sac called the | pericardium. |
| Lymphatics resemble veins except that lymphatics: | have thinner walls., contain more valves., contain lymph nodes located at certain intervals along their course. |
| Masses of lymphoid tissue located in a protective ring under the mucous membranes in the mouth and the back of the throat are called | tonsils. |
| Antibodies are proteins of the family called | immunoglobulins. |
| The spleen is located in the _____ region. | left hypochondriac |
| Hassall corpuscles are part of the: | thymus. |
| During their residence in the thymus, pre-T cells develop into _____, cells that proliferate as rapidly as any in the body. | thymocytes |
| Interferon inhibits the spread of: | A. viruses. B. bacteria. C. B cell antibodies that attack cancer. D. Both A & B |
| Because T cells attack pathogens more directly, T-cell immune mechanisms are classified as _____ immunity. | cell-mediated |
| An infection in the thumb may result in enlargement of the _____ nodes. | superficial cubital |
| The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the: | nasopharynx. |
| The more common name for the pharynx is the: | throat |
| Anatomically, how does the right bronchus differ from the left bronchus, and what effect might this have on the aspiration of objects? | The right bronchus is slightly larger and more vertical than the left. This anatomical fact helps explain why aspirated foreign objects frequently lodge in the right bronchus. |
| The approximate length of the trachea, or windpipe, is _____ cm. | 11 |
| The upper respiratory tract includes all of the following structures except the: | trachea |
| The hollow nasal cavity is separated by a midline partition called the: | septum. |
| The structures that deflect air as it passes through the nose are called | conchae. |
| The largest of the paranasal sinuses is the: | maxillary. |
| The small, leaf-shaped cartilage behind the tongue and hyoid bone is the: | epiglottis. |
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