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Anatomy week 13

6-12 flashcard

QuestionAnswer
What is the main function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB)? To maintain a stable environment for the brain by regulating the passage of most ions and substances between the blood and brain tissue.
Which substances can easily cross the blood-brain barrier? Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, and small lipid-soluble molecules like alcohol.
Why is dopamine ineffective as a direct treatment for Parkinson’s disease? Dopamine cannot cross the BBB, so injections or tablets do not reach brain cells.
How does levodopa (L-DOPA) help treat Parkinson’s disease? L-DOPA crosses the BBB and is converted into dopamine in brain cells, alleviating symptoms.
What are oligodendrocytes and their primary function? CNS glial cells that produce the myelin sheath around neurons, which permits rapid conduction of nerve impulses.
What are Schwann cells and where are they found? PNS glial cells that support nerve fibers and form myelin sheaths around them, similar to oligodendrocytes in the CNS.
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system? To collect excess interstitial fluid and return it to venous blood, preventing edema and maintaining fluid balance.
How do veins prevent backflow of blood? Peripheral veins have one-way valves that keep blood moving toward the heart.
What role does endothelial tissue play in blood vessels? What role does endothelial tissue play in blood vessels?
What is the function of veins in the circulatory system? Veins carry blood toward the heart, accommodate varying blood volumes due to high capacitance, and serve as blood reservoirs.
What structures are part of the lymphatic system? Lymph, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, Peyer patches, and bone marrow.
What is the role of collagen fibers in blood vessel walls? They provide structural support, are flexible but less extensible than elastic fibers, and help maintain vessel integrity under pressure.
Created by: ifeolu
 

 



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