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pharmacology 15

TermDefinition
Dry Eye Disease Eye does not produce tears/ tears not correct consistency /evaporate too quickly ● excessive tearing ●Inflammation of the surface of the eye ●If left untreated, can lead to pain, ulcers, or scars on the cornea, loss of vision.
anterior Blepharitis Outside of eyelid Caused by Staphylococcus bacteria and scalp dandruff
posterior Blepharitis Inside of eyelid Caused by dysfunction of oil glands in eyelid, seborrhea, psoriasis, and acne rosacea
Conjunctivitis Caused by allergies, bacteria, or a virus ●Itching, burning, and teary outflow ●Contagious when of bacterial origin
Iritis Associated with inflammation of the iris most causes unknown redness, blurred vision, inflammation, pain, and light sensitivity
corticosteroids and mydriatics treatment for iritis
Keratitis Severe infection of cornea ●May be caused by bacteria or fungi ●Caused by trauma, immunodeficiency, and chronic eye surface disease infectious
Uveitis Redness, blurred vision, pain, inflammation, and light sensitivity May develop suddenly or over time
Cyclitis Choroiditis specific types of uveitis
topical drugs used to treat infections of the eye Aminoglycosides Sulfonamides Macrolides Quinolones Antiinfectives + corticosteroids
Cytomegalovirus retinitis: eye infection in patients who have HIV/AIDS Decreased vision, eye pain, floaters, photopsia May cause hemorrhage, cell death, blindness
Herpetic eye disease caused by Herpes zoster ophthalmicus Herpes simplex keratitis Symptoms include eye pain, redness, cloudiness of cornea
Drugs used to treat viral infections of the eye Cidofovir Foscarnet Ganciclovir Trifluridine Valganciclovir
Fusarium keratitis Fungal eye infection Occurs in wearers of soft contact lenses Untreated can lead to blindness Treated with antifungals such as Natamycin
Natamycin antifungal used to treat Fusarium keratitis
Parasitic Infections of the Eye Helminthic Infections: ●Onchocerciasis ●Cysticercosis ●Toxocariasis
Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Eye: Treatment ●Drugs used to treat fusarium keratitis: Natamycin ●Drugs used to treat toxoplasmosis: Sulfonamides Pyrimethamine
Helminthic Infections a parasitic infection
Albendazole Ivermectin Praziquantel Drugs used to treat parasitic infections of the eye
Glaucoma Causes progressive damage to the structures in the eye ●Peripheral vision lost first ●Ability to see images from the sides, top, or bottom of the eye(s) lost ●Only central vision remains ●Diagnosis through tonometry
tonometry an eye exam that measures the pressure inside your eye, known as intraocular pressure (IOP)
Open-angle glaucoma Most common form of glaucoma Results from abnormal accumulation of aqueous humor Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) causes degeneration of the optic nerve
Angle-closure glaucoma Angle is inflamed or trabecular meshwork angle is obstructed Aqueous humor drainage is impaired Sudden increase in eye pressure can cause blindness within a few days if untreated
angle a fluid-filled space that helps drain aqueous humor
Created by: user-1991937
 

 



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