Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AP Gov Unit 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does success in nomination require? | Media, money, attention, and momentum |
| What is the invisible primary? | The period before voting begins where candidates compete to win early support from the elite of the party and to create a good first impression |
| What are delegates in candidate nomination? | They are people heavily involved in a political party that vote for a candidate to represent a party |
| Who acts as a proxy between the people and the candidate when voting for a candidate of a party? | Delegates |
| Where do delegates vote for a candidate? | A party's national convention |
| What do caucuses and primaries determine? | How many delegates will vote for a candidate at a national convention |
| What do Republicans use to choose the number of delegates given to a candidate? | A winner-take-all system |
| What do Democrats use to choose the number of delegates given to a candidate? | A proportional representation formula (divide delegates between candidates receiving >15% of a state's vote) |
| What is frontloading? | The tendency of states to hold primaries early to capitalize on media attention and a majority of the election |
| What is the benefit of frontloading? | Later in the year states' votes don't count as much and there is less media attention; if it's unanimous at the beginning the candidate might drop out |
| What does a National Committee do? | Works to keep a party operating between conventions, works at conventions, and writes the party platform |
| What does a National Chairperson do? | Responsible for a party's day-to-day activities and manage the party, chosen by members of committee |
| What are superdelegates? | Party leaders that automatically get a slot at a national convention; their vote is weighted more |
| What are unpledged/unbound delegates? | Delegates that can support any candidate regardless of primary/caucus results |
| What is the campaign game/national campaign? | Winning votes across the country, especially swing states |
| How many votes are there in the Electoral College? | 538 |
| How many votes are in the | 100 senators + 435 house of representatives + 3 for D.C. |
| How many votes are needed to win in the Electoral College? | 270 |
| How do states get E.C. votes? | Census |
| Who do the people vote for in the presidential election? | Electors |
| Who actually votes for president? | Electors |
| How are electors chosen? | By the political parties and stage governments, each state has a set for each party |
| When voters vote for a candidate what are they telling the state? | Which set of electors to send |
| What is the vote that counts? | The Electoral College votes |
| What happens if there is tie in the Electoral College what happens? | The House of Representatives vote on a President and the Senate vote on the Vice President |
| How does the Winner Take All system work in the Electoral College? | The candidate that wins the popular vote in a state wins all Electoral College votes |
| How does the District Method work in the Electoral College? | A candidate that wins a district's popular vote gets that district's Electoral College vote |
| What are faithless electors in the Electoral College? | Electors that vote for a candidate that the people don't want |
| What is a swing state/battle ground state? | A state where the popular party is unknown |
| What would it take to get rid of the Electoral College? | A constitutional amendment (or switch to District instead of Winner-Take-All) |
| How can a citizen participate in politics? | Voting, running for office, petition/lobbying |
| What did the 19th amendment do? | Gave women the right to vote |
| What did the 15th amendment do? | Gave people regardless of race the right to vote |
| What did the 26th amendment do? | Set the national voting age to 18 |
| What did the 24th amendment do? | Banned poll tax |
| What did the 14th amendment do? | Established who is a citizen (only citizens can vote) |
| What did the 23rd amendment do? | Gave D.C. electors so they can vote |
| What did the 17th amendment do? | Allowed the direct election of senators |
| Why do voters choose to vote? | Political efficacy, civic duty, party-centerism |
| Why do voters choose not to vote? | Political apathy, structural barriers, difficulty of absentee ballots, too busy |
| What is the difference between interest groups and political parties? | Interest groups influence policy while political parties make policy |
| What are the theories of interest groups? | Participatory, pluralist, elite |
| What is the participatory theory of interest groups? | Joining a group will allow people with a common interest to voice their opinions better |
| What is the pluralist theory of interest groups? | All interest groups are heard equally |
| What is the elite theory of interest groups? | Only the groups with the most money and resources are heard |
| What is lobbying? | Convincing a politician to change something to help them (interest groups do this) |
| What is grassroots lobbying? | Telling citizens to contact politicians to change something |
| What do the limitations to interest groups do? | Prevent bribing |
| What is electioneering? | Helping politicians get/stay elected (interest groups give them money and voters) |
| What is litigation? | Lobbing to courts/judicial branch |
| What are the main ways of litigation? | Representing clients in court and submitting amicus curiae briefs |
| What do the iron triangle represent? | The effect that Congress, interest groups, and government agencies have on each other |
| What is the goal of political parties? | Win elections and seats in the government to give them power to make policy |
| What do political parties do in states? | Focus on state elections, decide policies on elections |
| What do political parties do at the national level? | Focus on national elections |
| What does a national committee of a political party do? | Work to keep the party operating between conventions; meet at conventions and other times to increase influence and sharpen policy initiatives |
| What does a national chairperson of a political party do? | Manage day to day activities, run membership, funding, advertisements. etc. |
| What is a party platform? | A set of positions and policy objectives that a political party agrees to and focuses on |
| What is partisanship? | Voters voting based on a party |
| What is dealignment? | Voters voting based on the candidate, not the party |
| What is ticket splitting? | Voting for candidates of both parties |
| How can a voter officially join a political party? | Register at that party when registering to vote |
| What does a divided government mean? | When the houses are different parties (opposite of unified government) |
| What is a party era? | A time period where one party wins most elections |
| What is a party realignment? | When voters shift their allegiance to a different political party |
| What is a critical election? | A national election that leads to a party realignment |
| What is the relationship between a critical election, party realignment, party era? | A critical election leads to a party realignment leading to a new party era |
| What is a candidate centered campaign? | A campaign focused on the campaign rather than the party |
| What do candidates use to speak directly to the people, weakening the power of parties? | Technology |
| What does a candidate centered campaign allow? | A candidate to not have to follow the party ideals and be more independent |
| What is a primary election? | A vote for candidates within the same party |
| What is a general election? | After the primary, a vote between different parties |
| What is a midterm election? | Halfway through a presidential term when Congress is up for reelection |
| What is gubernatorial election? | The governor is up for election |
| What is a specific policy question (state-level)? | Voting on a specific topic at a local level |
| What is a referendum (state-level)? | State/local government comes up with a policy and voters vote on it |
| What is an initiative petition (proposition)? | Voters come up with a policy proposal and vote on it |
| What is a recall (state-level)? | Allow voters to call an election to get an official removed from office |
| What are the U.S. voting requirements? | Age 18+, must be a U.S. citizen, can't be a criminal (in some states), must be registered to vote in your state |
| What is the rational choice voting political model? | Voting based on what you want changed |
| What is the retrospective voting political model? | Voting based on predictions of how a candidate/party has done in the past |
| What is party-line voting/straight ticket voting? | Voting strictly based on political party |
| What is soft money? | Unregulated money for "party-building" activities (doesn't exist now) |
| What is hard money? | Campaign money that is strictly regulated |
| What did the FECA do? | Established the FEC, limited contributions from individuals/groups/PACs, required disclosure of where funds were spent |
| What did the loopholes in the FECA lead to? | Corporations and unions had no limit to how much they could donate for "party-building" leading to unlimited soft money |
| What did the BCRA do? | Banned soft money and doubled the amount individuals could donate |
| What are PACs? | Political Action Committees, they raise and spend money for a political goal |
| What is the difference between PACs and Super PACs? | Super PACs have no limit on how much they can collect and spend but cannot coordinate with a campaign, while PACs have a limit but can coordinate |
| What was the reason for Citizens United v FEC? | Citizens United made a documentary against Hilary Clinton |
| Why are Super PACs allowed? | Citizens United v FEC |
| What was the ruling of Citizens United v FEC? | It is unconstitutional to limit ads or media from private companies independent of a campaign |
| Why are candidates required to disclose who paid for an ad? | BCRA |
| What are arguments for campaign finance laws? | Prevent corruption/elitism, that sometimes outweighs 1st amendment rights |
| What are arguments against campaign finance laws? | The 1st Amendment (freedom of speech) allows these to happen; there will always be new loopholes |
| What electoral college system do most states use? | Winner take all |
| What is narrowcasting? | A form of communication to target a very specific audience |
| What is broadcasting? | A form of communication to target the widest possible audience |
| What are sound bites? | A brief, memorable recorded statement that is used in news broadcasts |
| What are trial balloons? | Intentional news leaks to assess the political reaction |
| What are talking heads? | A shot of a person's face talking directly to the camera |
| What is investigative journalism? | The use of in-depth reporting to unearth scandals, scams, and schemes (sometimes putting reporters in a bad position with politicians) |
| What does media as a watch dog mean? | Media keeps tabs on the government to keep it accountable |
| What is a media event? | A staged event purposely targeted for the media |
| What is horse race journalism? | Journalism focused on who is winning rather than the candidates' beliefs and goals |
| What is ideologically oriented programming? | Media that has a bias towards one ideological perspective (eg. left wing/right wing) |
| What is media as a gatekeeper? | Media can focus people's attention on specific issues |
| What is the free rider problem? | Individuals who don't contribute to an interest group reap its benefits |
| What is the mandate theory of elections? | The winning candidate has a mandate from the people to carry out what they ran for |
| What is the difference between an open and closed primary? | In an open primary you can vote for any party; in a closed primary you have to vote for the party you are registered in |
| Which gender votes more and who do they vote for? | Women vote more and Democrat |
| Which age votes more and for who? | Older people tend to vote more and vote Republican |
| Which race votes more and for who? | White/Caucasian people tend to vote more and vote Republican |
| Which religions vote for who? | Catholics vote Republican, Protestant vote Republican, Jewish vote Democrat |
| Which income votes more and for who? | People with more money vote more and Republican |
| Which level of education votes more and for who? | People with a higher education vote more and for Democrats |
| What did the McGovern-Fraser commission do? | It reduced the power of party leaders to nominate candidates and led to the widespread use of primaries and caucuses |
| What is prospective voting? | Voting based on how one thinks a candidate will do in the future |
Created by:
agastyad