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GEN CHEM REVIEW

2ND SEM PRELIMS, 11-BLSD. GABRIELA

QuestionAnswer
is the study of matter- It deals with the study of composition, properties, structure, changes, and energy involved in a substance. Chemistry
Diffusion, Compression of Gases, & Dissolving Evidence That Matter is Made of Particles
These are the characteristics or features that describe matter, that can be observed and measured w/o changing the identity and composition of the substance. Physical Properties
Characteristics of a substance that describe its ability to undergo chemical changes or reactions to form new substances. Chemical Properties
Is a physical property that depends on the amount or size of matter in a substance or object. It changes when the amount of matter changes. Extensive (Extrinsic) Properties
An intensive property is one that does not depend on the mass of the substance or system. It remains the same even if the sample size changes. Intensive (Intrinsic) Properties
Kinds of Physical Properties Extensive & Intensive Properties
Occur when matter changes from one form to another by absorbing or releasing heat. Phase Changes
A change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance but not the composition. [Does not form new substances. It could change in state only.] Physical Change
A change that occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties. [Can not change back under normal conditions & is considered an IRREVERSIBLE reaction] Chemical Change
It is a process in which one or more substances are altered into new and different substances. Chemical Change
These substances comprise only one kind of particle and have a fixed or constant structure. [Tin, Sulfur, Diamond, Water, Sucrose, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Bicarbonate.] Pure Substance
Classification of Pure Substances Element & Compound
It is a pure substance as it cannot be broken down or transformed into a new substance, even by using some physical or chemical means. Element
It is made up of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio, resulting in a substance with a consistent composition throughout, which is the defining characteristic of a pure substance. Compound
Kinds of Elements Metals, Non-metals, & Metalloids
All elements that form positive ions by losing electrons during chemical reactions are called metals. They are characterized by bright luster, hardness, the ability to resonate sound, and are excellent conductors of heat and electricity. Metals
Elements that tend to gain electrons to form anions during chemical reactions are called ---. These are electronegative elements with high ionization energies. Non-metals
Have properties intermediate between the metals and nonmetals. --- are useful in the semiconductor industry. They are all solid at room temperature. They can form alloys with other metals Metalloids
It contains two or more substances that are not chemically combined. [Sea water, Crude Oil, Gunpowder, Dry Air, Ink…] Mixture
Classification of Mixtures Heterogeneous & Homogeneous
A mixture where the components are so well mixed that the different parts do not separate on their own. Homogeneous
A mixture with an uneven composition throughout is called a heterogeneous mixture. Heterogeneous
It is the process of separating components of a mixture based on different boiling points. Distillation
Separates compounds, identifies them, and determines their quantities. Chromatography
The mixture is allowed to pass through a filter medium (filter paper) with fine pores. Filtration
Separates miscible liquids through repeated distillations and condensations. Fractional distillation
Separates a dissolved solid from a solution by heating the solution to evaporate the solvent. Crystallization
is a method used to separate mixtures by spinning them at high speeds in a centrifuge. Centrifugation
can also be used to separate mixtures that contain only solids. Sublimation
Separates immiscible liquids of different densities. Separating Funnels
Separates magnetic particles from non-magnetic ones by applying a magnetic field. Magnetic Separation
Separates homogeneous mixtures with dissolved salts by heating the mixture until the liquid is gone. Evaporation
Created by: MEOWIE
 

 



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