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Sara Anatomy stack2

Anatomy study stack #2

QuestionAnswer
What are the 6 types of muscle shapes? Parallel, convergent, pennate, fusiform, spiral, circular
What are the four types of muscle actions? agonist (prime mover) antagonist synergist fixator
What are the two divisions of the nervous system? Somatic (skeletal muscle control) autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
What are the types of glial cells? astrocytes microglia ependymal cells oligodendrocytes schwann cells
what are the three inward extensions of the dura mater? falx cerebri (makes two cerebral hemispheres) falx cerebelli (separates the cerebellar hemispheres) tentorium cerebelli (separates the cerebellum from cerebrum)
How many cranial and spinal nerves are there? 31 pairs of spinal nerves 12 pairs of cranial nerves
What are the neurotransmitters in the ANS and where do they bind to? Acetylcholine (cholinergic preganglionic sympathetic neurons, pre/postganglionic parasympathetic neurons) Norepinephrine (adrenergic receptors on postganglionic sympathetic neurons)
How many receptors are there for special senses? mechanoreceptors chemoreceptors thermoreceptors nocioreceptors photoreceptors osmoreceptors
What are the major endocrine glands? hypothalamus pituitary gland pineal gland thyroid parathyroid thymus adrenal pancreatic islets ovaries testes placenta
what are the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? growth hormone prolactin TSH ACTH FSH LH
what are the hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland? ADH oxytocin
What are the 5 types of neutrophils, granulocytes vs. agranulocytes granulocytes: basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils (BEN) agranulocytes: lymphocytes, monocytes
what are the great vessels of the heart? Aorta pulmonary arteries (2) superior vena cava inferior vena cava pulmonary veins(4)
what are the 4 structures of blood vessels? endotheilum (innermost) collagen fibers elastic fibers smooth muscle fibers
what is cardiac output? amount of blood that flows out of a ventricle per unit of time = stroke volume x heart rate
What is Starling's law of the heart? the longer or more stretched the heart fibers are at the beginning of a contraction, the stronger their contraction will be.
What are the two main lymphatic ducts that bring lymph back to the heart? R lymphatic duct (drains into R subclavian vein) thoracic duct (drains into L subclavian vein)
What are the two types of immune mechanisms? Innate and adaptive
What types of immune cells are involved in the adaptive immune response? humoral immunity (B lymphocytes) and cellular immunity (T lymphocytes)
What makes up the lower respiratory tract? trachea L/R primary bronchi bronchioles alveolar duct alveolar sac alveoli
Created by: sarasaccani82
 

 



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