What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Provides a supportive, protective cushion Reservoir of circulating fluid used to monitor the internal environment of the

Region of skin surface area supplied by afferent (sensory) fibers of a given spinal nerve.

Skeletal muscle or muscles supplied by efferent (motor) fibers of a given spinal nerve.

What are the 3 auditory ossicles and their attachments?

Malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil), and Stapes (stirrup). Malleus attaches to the inner surface of the tympanic membrane, Incus to Malleus and Stapes, and Stapes to Incus.

What is the functional classification of hormones?

1. Tropic hormones—hormones that target other endocrine glands and stimulate their growth and secretion 2. Sex hormones—hormones that target reproductive tissues 3. Anabolic hormones—hormones that stimulate anabolism in target cells

What hormone is secreted by the pineal gland and what is it's function?

Melatonin: supports the body's biological clock.

What is the nerve conduction pathway of the heart?

Sinoatrial node -> Atrioventricular node -> AV bundle (bundle of His) -> Subendocardial branches (Purkinje fibers)

What are the 3 main layers found in blood vessels?

Tunica externa—found in arteries and veins (tunica adventitia) Tunica media—found in arteries and veins Tunica intima—found in all blood vessels; only layer present in capillaries

What is lymph (lymphatic fluid) and its components?

1. Clear, watery-appearing fluid found in the lymphatic vessels 2. Lower percentage of protein than blood plasma; isotonic 3. Elevated protein concentration in thoracic duct lymph because of protein-rich lymph from the liver and small intestine

What is interferon (IFN)?

Protein synthesized and released into circulation by certain cells if invaded by viruses to signal other nearby cells to enter a protective antiviral state

How do B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes work?

B-cell mechanisms—antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity); produce antibodies that attack pathogens T-cell mechanisms—attack pathogens more directly—classified as cell-mediated immunity (cellular immunity)

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VikramdeepSaini

Anatomy Weeks 6-12

Question	Answer
What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?	Provides a supportive, protective cushion Reservoir of circulating fluid used to monitor the internal environment of the
What are dermatomes?	Region of skin surface area supplied by afferent (sensory) fibers of a given spinal nerve.
What are myotomes?	Skeletal muscle or muscles supplied by efferent (motor) fibers of a given spinal nerve.
What are the 3 auditory ossicles and their attachments?	Malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil), and Stapes (stirrup). Malleus attaches to the inner surface of the tympanic membrane, Incus to Malleus and Stapes, and Stapes to Incus.
What is the functional classification of hormones?	1. Tropic hormones—hormones that target other endocrine glands and stimulate their growth and secretion 2. Sex hormones—hormones that target reproductive tissues 3. Anabolic hormones—hormones that stimulate anabolism in target cells
What hormone is secreted by the pineal gland and what is it's function?	Melatonin: supports the body's biological clock.
What is the nerve conduction pathway of the heart?	Sinoatrial node -> Atrioventricular node -> AV bundle (bundle of His) -> Subendocardial branches (Purkinje fibers)
What are the 3 main layers found in blood vessels?	Tunica externa—found in arteries and veins (tunica adventitia) Tunica media—found in arteries and veins Tunica intima—found in all blood vessels; only layer present in capillaries
What is lymph (lymphatic fluid) and its components?	1. Clear, watery-appearing fluid found in the lymphatic vessels 2. Lower percentage of protein than blood plasma; isotonic 3. Elevated protein concentration in thoracic duct lymph because of protein-rich lymph from the liver and small intestine
What is interferon (IFN)?	Protein synthesized and released into circulation by certain cells if invaded by viruses to signal other nearby cells to enter a protective antiviral state
How do B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes work?	B-cell mechanisms—antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity); produce antibodies that attack pathogens T-cell mechanisms—attack pathogens more directly—classified as cell-mediated immunity (cellular immunity)

Created by: SuperSaini

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