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Laura Diweh
Assignment Set 2: Human Anatomy 6-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are axial muscles? | Axial muscles are muscles of the trunk and head, including muscles of the vertebral column, abdominal wall, and thoracic wall |
| What are appendicular muscles? | Appendicular muscles are muscles of the limbs and girdles, including muscles of the shoulder, upper arm, forearm, hand, hip, thigh, leg, and foot. |
| Which type of muscle is responsible for maintaining posture? | Axial muscles, specifically the erector spinae and other muscles of the vertebral column. |
| What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system? | Neurons and glial cells (also known as neuroglia) |
| What is the function of neurons? | Neurons transmit and process information through electrical and chemical signals. |
| What is the main function of the CNS? | The CNS processes information and controls the body's responses, including movement, sensation, and cognition. |
| What is the main function of the PNS? | The PNS transmits information between the CNS and the rest of the body, including sensory information and motor commands. |
| What is the main function of the ANS? | The ANS regulates involuntary functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. |
| What are the five traditional senses? | Sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch |
| What is the sense that detects chemicals in the environment? | Smell (olfaction) |
| What is the endocrine system? | A system of glands that produce and secrete hormones that regulate various bodily functions. |
| What is an example of an endocrine gland? | Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, etc. |
| What are the four chambers of the heart? | Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle |
| What separates the right and left sides of the heart? | Septum |
| What is the path of blood circulation? | Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium, then to the right ventricle, to the lungs, to the left atrium, to the left ventricle, and out to the body. |
| What is the name of the artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body? | Aorta |
| What is the name of the vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart? | Superior and inferior vena cava |
| What is the main function of the lymphatic system? | To defend the body against infection and disease by filtering lymph fluid and housing immune cells |
| What are the primary lymphoid organs? | Bone marrow and thymus |
| What are the two main types of immune responses? | Innate immunity (immediate, non-specific response) and adaptive immunity (delayed, specific response) |
| What are the main cells involved in the immune response? | White blood cells (leukocytes), including neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes (T cells and B cells) |
| What are the main organs of the respiratory system? | Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs |
| What is the function of the diaphragm in the respiratory system? | To contract and relax, allowing air to enter and leave the lungs |
| What is the term for the movement of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream? | Diffusion |
Created by:
Laura4real