What is the difference between an axon and a dendrite?

A dendrite receives nerve impulses and carries them toward the neuron’s cell body, while an axon conducts impulses away from the cell body.

Which glial cell helps form the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

The astrocyte is the glial cell that helps form and maintain the blood–brain barrier (BBB) by supporting the tight junctions of capillary endothelial cells.

Name the three types of sense receptors classified according to location in the body.

Exteroceptors, visceroceptors, and proprioceptors.

Name the four chambers of the heart and the valves associated with them.

The right atrium is paired with the tricuspid valve, the right ventricle with the pulmonary semilunar valve, the left atrium with the bicuspid (mitral) valve, and the left ventricle with the aortic semilunar valve.

Name the three major types of blood vessels.

Arteries, veins, and capillaries.

Name some structures of the fetal circulation that are not part of the adult circulation.

Some structures found in fetal circulation but not present in adult circulation include the ductus arteriosus, ductus venosus, and foramen ovale, which all close shortly after birth.

What device is used in clinical settings to measure arterial blood pressure?

The device used in clinical settings to measure arterial blood pressure is a sphygmomanometer.

Compare lymphatic vessels with blood vessels.

Lymphatic vessels have thinner walls and more valves than blood vessels, and they carry lymph one-way toward the heart instead of circulating blood.

What functions are carried out by lymph nodes?

Lymph nodes filter lymph and help defend the body, removing pathogens, trapping cancer cells, and supporting immune responses by activating lymphocytes.

Name the principal organs of the upper respiratory tract.

The principal organs of the upper respiratory tract are the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.

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Victoria Crump

Physiology Weeks 6-12

Question	Answer
What is the difference between an axon and a dendrite?	A dendrite receives nerve impulses and carries them toward the neuron’s cell body, while an axon conducts impulses away from the cell body.
Which glial cell helps form the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?	The astrocyte is the glial cell that helps form and maintain the blood–brain barrier (BBB) by supporting the tight junctions of capillary endothelial cells.
Name the three types of sense receptors classified according to location in the body.	Exteroceptors, visceroceptors, and proprioceptors.
Name the four chambers of the heart and the valves associated with them.	The right atrium is paired with the tricuspid valve, the right ventricle with the pulmonary semilunar valve, the left atrium with the bicuspid (mitral) valve, and the left ventricle with the aortic semilunar valve.
Name the three major types of blood vessels.	Arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Name some structures of the fetal circulation that are not part of the adult circulation.	Some structures found in fetal circulation but not present in adult circulation include the ductus arteriosus, ductus venosus, and foramen ovale, which all close shortly after birth.
What device is used in clinical settings to measure arterial blood pressure?	The device used in clinical settings to measure arterial blood pressure is a sphygmomanometer.
Compare lymphatic vessels with blood vessels.	Lymphatic vessels have thinner walls and more valves than blood vessels, and they carry lymph one-way toward the heart instead of circulating blood.
What functions are carried out by lymph nodes?	Lymph nodes filter lymph and help defend the body, removing pathogens, trapping cancer cells, and supporting immune responses by activating lymphocytes.
Name the principal organs of the upper respiratory tract.	The principal organs of the upper respiratory tract are the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.

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