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Anatomy 2
Anatomy Study Stack 2 Ch.6-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the axial musculature responsible for ? | Stabalizing and moving the head, neck , and the trunk ; supporting posture Ch. 6 |
| Wha is the appendicular musculature responsible for ? | Moving and stabilizing the limbs and girdles Ch. 6 |
| What is the function of the diaphragm ? | Primary muscle of respiration; contracts to expand thoracic cavity Ch. 6 |
| What are the rotator cuff muscles ? | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis. Ch. 6 |
| What is the function of the quadriceps femoris group ? | Knee extension Ch.6 |
| Which muscle is the prime mover for elbow flexion ? | Biceps brachii Ch. 6 |
| What are neurons ? | Excitable cells that transmit electrical signals Ch. 7 |
| What are neuroglia (glial cells) ? | Supportive cells that protect, insulate, and nourish neurons Ch. 7 |
| What is the function of astrocytes ? | Maintain blood-brain barrier and support neuronal metabolism Ch. 7 |
| What do oligodendrocytes do ? | Form myelin sheaths in the CNS Ch. 7 |
| What do Schwann cells do ? | Form myelin in the PNS Ch. 7 |
| What is the purpose of myelin ? | Increases speed of nerve impulse conduction Ch.7 |
| What structures make up the CNS? | Brain and spinal cord Ch. 8 |
| What structures make up the PNS? | All nerves outside the CNS Ch. 8 |
| What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? | Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions Ch.8 |
| What is the sympathetic division responsible for? | Fight or flight” responses. Ch.8 |
| What is the parasympathetic division responsible for? | “Rest and digest” responses Ch.8 |
| What is a reflex arc? | A neural pathway that controls automatic responses Ch.8 |
| What are the five special senses ? | Vision, hearing, equilibrium, taste, smell Ch. 9 |
| What is the function of photoreceptors ? | Detect light in the retina Ch. 9 |
| What gland is the “master gland” of the endocrine system ? | Pituitary gland Ch. 9 |
| What hormone does the thyroid gland release ? | Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) Ch. 9 |
| What do adrenal glands secrete ? | Epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol Ch. 9 |
| What is the function of insulin ? | Lowers blood glucose levels Ch. 9 |
| What are the four chambers of the heart ? | Right/left atria, right/left ventricles Ch. 10 |
| : What vessel carries blood away from the heart ? | Arteries Ch. 10 |
| What vessel carries blood toward the heart ? | Veins Ch.10 |
| What is the function of red blood cells ? | Transport oxygen using hemoglobin Ch. 10 |
| What do white blood cells do ? | Fight infections and provide immunity Ch. 10 |
| What is the cardiac cycle ? | One complete heartbeat Ch. 10 |
| What is the main function of the lymphatic system ? | Return fluid to the bloodstream and filter pathogens Ch. 11 |
| What are lymph nodes ? | Small organs that filter lymph and hold immune cells Ch. 11 |
| What is immunity ? | The body’s ability to resist infection Ch. 11 |
| What is acquired (adaptive) immunity ? | Immunity developed after exposure to pathogens Ch. 11 |
| What is innate immunity ? | Non-specific, immediate defense mechanisms Ch.11 |
| What does the spleen do ? | Filters blood and stores immune cells Ch. 11 |
| What is the main function of the respiratory system ? | Gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out) Ch. 12 |
| What structure prevents food from entering the trachea ? | Epiglottis Ch. 12 |
| Where does gas exchange occur ? | Alveoli Ch. 12 |
| What muscle drives inhalation ? | Diaphragm Ch. 12 |
| What is external respiration ? | Gas exchange between lungs and blood Ch. 12 |
| What is internal respiration ? | Gas exchange between blood and body tissues Ch. 12 |
Created by:
raeonin