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Pharmacology

Anti-Infectives

TermDefinition
Aminoglycosides: Amikacin, Gentamicin, Streptomycin , Tobramycin Adverse Reaction: Muscle Paralysis Nursing Consideration: Ototoxic-hearing loss temporary or permanent, often not reversible. Nephtotoxic-reduced kidney function, reversible. Patient Education: Drink fluids
Pencillins: Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Pipercillin, Trimoix, Usasyn Adverse Reaction: Angioedema( Swelling lips and tongue), Steven Johnson Syndrome. Nursing Consideration: Give full glass of water on an empty stomach, Don not give with acidic fruit it destroys penicillin, Use cautiously in patients taking beta blockers
Cephalosporin: 1st Generation (Gram Positive) Ancef, and Reflex 3rd Generation Rocephin Adverse reaction: C-Diff, Steven Johnson Syndrome Nursing Consideration: Monitor cross reaction w/patients allergic to penicillin, May decrease effectiveness of birth control, if patient complains of pain STOP infusion Patient Education: Drink Fluids
B lactams/Carbapenems: Primaxin, Azactam Adverse Reaction: C-Diff Nursing Consideration: Don't give with Aminoglycosides, Use cautiously w/patients sensitive to penicillin and cephalosporin Patient Education: Drink fluids. (No fruit juice or soda)
Flurorquinolones/Quinolones: Cipro, Levaquin Adverse Reaction: Tendon Rupture, Steven Johnson Syndrome Nursing Consideration: Drink fluids, seizures, can effect vitamin k, don't give to pediatric clients Patient Education: Avoid caffeine and antacids, Dairy products lack absorption in tube feed
Cyclic Lipopeptides: Zyvox Indication: Treats VRE, & MRSA Adverse Reaction: C-Diff, Optic Neuropathy Nursing Consideration: Monitor serotonin syndrome in patients taking MAOIs, SSRIs, &TCAs Patient Education: Consume small frequent meals, Report vision changes, Monitor leg pain
Sulfonamides: Bactrim,Septra Nursing Consideration: Use cautiously with known allergies sulfa products Patient Education: Don't take while pregnant, Don't give to infants younger than 2 yrs old, Use additional birth control, Monitor for jaundice
Tetracycline: Tetracycline, Doxycycline Indication: Treats bacterial infections and Rocky Mountain spotted fever Adverse Reaction: Thrombophebitis at IV site Nursing Consideration: Give 1 to 2 hrs after meals, No dairy, Drink a glass of water Patient Education: Avoid sun, Give on empty belly
Macrolides: Erythromycin, Zithromax, Biaxin, Fidaxomicin, (Treats C-Diff) Nursing Consideration: Use cautiously in patients taking sulfonamides and theophylline Patient Education: Avoid prolonged exposure to sun, Drink fluids, Take on empty stomach
Lincosamides: Lincocin, Clindamycin (Cleocin) Adverse Reaction: Pseudomembraneous colitis, C-Diff, Phlebitis at IV site Nursing Consideration: Bitter Taste, Topical: Avoid alcohol products, wait 30 mins after bathing and shaving Patient Education: Drink fluids, w/wo meal, Use additional b-control
Glycopeptides: Vancomycin Indication: Treats MRSA Adverse Reaction: Redman syndrome, Nephrotoxcity, Neutropenia, Deafness (reversible) Nursing Consideration: Phlebitis at insertion site, Fluid intake, monitor labs Patient Education: Plenty of fluids, Signs and symptoms, labs
Antifungals: Amphotericin B, Diflucan, Monistat, NIzoral, Mycostatin Indication: Treats fungal infections Nursing Consideration: Protect Amphotericin B from sun, monitor for fever and chills after IV admin. Patient Education: May cause gynecomastia long term, swish and swallow, consume small meals, Practice good hygiene
Antihelmetics: Provan, Vermox, Albendazole, Praziquantel, Indication: Destroys amebiasis, roundworms, bookworms, pinworms Nursing Consideration: Strict handwashing Patient Education: Treat entire family regardless of infected, wash utensils and linen in hot water, vernox is most effective when chewed
Created by: user-2005920
 

 



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