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BIO TEST 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Three main layers of integumentary system | epidermis, dermis, hypodermis |
| keratinocytes | fibrous protein that allows skin to keep shape |
| melanocytes | black cell, produces melanin, pigment |
| merkel cells | immature nerve cells, they work to be first sense |
| langerhan cells | immature immune cells, they work to be first sense |
| dermal papili (re: dermis) | ridges that make fingerprints |
| capillary (re: dermis) | smallest blood veseel |
| tactile corpuscle | a bunch of sensory nerve fibers |
| lamellated corpuscle | connective tissue that responds to heavy pressure |
| arector pili | lifts hair when it constracts |
| melanin | causes black/brown skin tone |
| hemoglobin | causes red/pink skin tone via red blood cells |
| carotene | orange/yellow skin tone |
| causes of changes in skin tone | sunlight, diet, temperature, nausea, lack of oxygen |
| rule of nines | body is divided into 12 sections equalliy ~9% each, except for 1% genitals |
| three types of touch receptors | thermoreceptors, nocireceptors, mechanoreceptors |
| 3 main "touch" sensations | pressure, stretch, vibration |
| main nerve re: smell | olfactory |
| smell receptor type | chemoreceptors |
| method to gather smell | cilia to nerves |
| approximate number of distinguished smells | 10,000 |
| main nerve re: taste | gustatory |
| main receptor type re: taste | chemoreceptors |
| five main tastes | sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami |
| how taste buds link to nerves | on taste buds, cilia gather molecules |
| taste is what percentage of smell? | 80% |
| spicy foods excite pain cells called what? | nociceptors |
| main nerve re: hearing | vestibulocochlear nerve |
| hearing receptor type | mechnoreceptor |
| three main parts of ear | outer, middle, inner |
| "eardrum" | tympanic membrane, division between outer and middle ear |
| eustachian tube | connects middle ear to nasopharynx |
| organ of corti | where hearing occurs (inner ear) |
| main nerve re: vision | optic nerve |
| receptor type re: vision | photoreceptor |
| accessory structures re: vision | eyelids, eyelashes, eyebrows, glands |
| rods | specific to dim light |
| cones | take in bright light and color |
| aqueous humor | mostly made up of water, outside of eye |
| vitreous humor | inside of eye, provides pressure to hold retina in place |
| refraction | bending of light |
| stereoscopic | eyes take in seperate images that are melded in one |
| emmetropic eye shape | focal point of image is at the retina, vision is normal |
| myopic | focal point is before the retina, image is blurry, near-sighted |
| hyperopic | tries to focus past retina but never gets there, far sighted |
Created by:
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