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chem test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a column on the periodic table | group |
| a charged atom or molecule | ion |
| process of losing electrons | oxidation |
| number of protons in an atoms nucleus | atomic number |
| number of electrons an element will lose or gain in a chemical reaction | oxidation number |
| weighted average of all masses for all isotopes for a given element | average atomic mass |
| atoms outermost electrons | valence electrons |
| part of the atom that contains protons and neutrons | nucleus |
| full outer energy level containing eight electrons | octet |
| atoms that have the same atomic number but different masses are called | isotopes |
| the person that first proposed the idea of atoms | democritus |
| two positive charges next to each other | repel |
| force between nucleus and the electron cloud | attractive |
| force between electrons in the electron cloud | repulsive |
| why do elements with more than one proton in the nucleus need neutrons in order for the nucleus to be stable? | because the repulsive force between protons is strong and neutrons need to act as a stabilizing glue by providing an attractive force without adding to repulsion |
| differentiate between the Bohr model of the atom and the electron cloud model of the atom | the Bohr model- depicts electrons orbiting nucleus in a fixed circular path ecm- depicts electrons as existing in a three dimensional cloud of probability where there location is unknown but most likely in certain regions |
| which particles form the nucleus of an atom | protons and neutrons |
| which particles identify an element | protons |
| which particles determine the mass of an atom | protons and neutrons |
| the nucleus DOES NOT | contain nearly all the atoms volume |
| what force is able to overcome the repulsive force between protons in an atom | strong nuclear force |
| neutral atom would contain 8 protons, __ neutrons, __ electrons | 9 neutrons, 8 electrons |
| mass number | protons + nutrons |
| changing the protons changes | the element |
| cation | positive (less electrons than protons) |
| anion | negative (more electrons that protons) |
| changing nutrons changes | mass of element |
| changing electrons changes | charge of element |
| how to tell a isotope has the greatest abundence | compare how close it is to the average atomic mass |
| fission occurs when | unstable nuclei break apart to form smaller ones |
| Seabrook nuclear power plant generates electricity using a _____ reactor | fission |
| what type of nuclear reaction doesn't generate radioactive waste | chemical |
| T/F metals are found on the right side of the periodic table | false |
| how many valence electrons does a neutral atom of aluminum have | 3 |
| least reactive elements | Nobel gases |
| elements in the same row or ____ have same number of ____ | series, energy levels |
| only coinage metal that is not multivalent | silver |
| helium is a member of the | Nobel gases and has 2 valence electrons (none of the above) |
| brittle, not malleable, lustrous, conductivity that increases with temp, semi conductor | metalloids; silicion |
| seven valence electrons, diatomic, solid at room temp | halogens; iodine |
| metals that have one valence electron | alkali metals |
| which element on the left side is not considered to be a metal | hydrogen |
| multivalent transition metal | iron |
| elements in same column or _____ have the same number of _____ and have similar chemical and physical properties | group, valence electrons |
| nonmetals in the ____ group have a 2- oxidation number and 6 valence electrons | chalcogen |
| diatomic elements | hydrogen (H), nitrogen, (N) oxygen, (O) fluorine, (F) chlorine, (CL) bromine, (BR) and iodine (I) |
| how to know if elements have similar chemical and physical properties | found in same group |
Created by:
ella.vinson