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SCI 221 WKS 7-13
SCI 221 (Physio.) #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts? | Origin |
| What is the coarse sheath covering the muscle as a whole called? | Epimysium |
| What is tough connective tissue binding together fascicles called? | Perimysium |
| Which delicate connective tissue membrane that covers skeletal muscle fibers? | Endomysium |
| What is the point of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts? | Insertion |
| What consists of all incoming sensory pathway? | Afferent division |
| What consists of all outgoing motor pathways? | Efferent division |
| a. Structural and functional center of the entire nervous system b. Consists of the brain and spinal cord c. Integrates sensory information, evaluates it, and initiates an outgoing response | Central nervous system (CNS) |
| a. Nerves that lie in the “outer regions” of the nervous system b. Cranial nerves—originate from the brain c. Spinal nerves—originate from the spinal cord | Peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
| What system prepares the body to deal with immediate threats to the internal environment; produces “fight-or-flight” response? | Sympathetic division |
| What system coordinates the body’s normal resting activities; sometimes called the “rest-and-repair” division? | Parasympathetic division |
| Excitable cells that initiate and conduct impulses that make possible all nervous system functions | Neurons |
| What provides energy (ATP) for neuron; some are trans-ported to end of axon? | Mitochondria |
| What is the strong, white fibrous tissue; outer layer of meninges and inner periosteum of the cranial bones; has three important extensions? | Dura mater |
| What is thr delicate, spiderweb-like layer between the dura mater and pia mater? | Arachnoid mater |
| What is the innermost, transparent layer; adheres to the outer surface of the brain and spinal cord? | Pia mater |
| What contains reflexes mediated by fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth cranial nerves and pneumotaxic centers that help regulate respiration? | Pons |
| What is found in skin, muscles, ligaments, eyes, ears and mediate our conscious somatic senses such as touch, pain, body position, special senses, etc.? | Somatic sensory receptors |
| Which receptors are found in internal organs and mediate our subconscious visceral senses (e.g., pH, chemical concentrations, temperature, pressure, etc.)? | Autonomic (visceral) sensory receptor |
| Which receptors describes the free nerve endings that serve as the primary sensory receptors for pain? | Nociceptor |
| Which receptors mediate sensations of heat and cold? | Thermoreceptors |
| Which vessels carry blood away from heart—all arteries except pulmonary artery carry oxygenated blood? | Arteries |
| Which vessels carry blood from arterioles to venules? | Capillaries |
| Which circulation is when blood flows from the left ventricle of the heart through blood vessels to all parts of the body (except gas exchange tissues of lungs) and back to the right atrium? | Systemic circulation |
| Which circulation is when deoxygenated blood moves from right atrium to right ventricle to pulmonary artery to lung arterioles and capillaries, where gases are exchanged? | Pulmonary circulation |
| What type of immunity acts as a specific defense against specific threatening agents? | Adaptive immunity |
| What type of immunity provides a general, nonspecific defense against anything that is not “self”? | Innate immunity |
| What is the movement: wavelike ripple of the muscle layer of a hollow organ; progressive motility that produces forward movement of matter along the GI tract ? | Peristalsis |
| What is the mixing movement; digestive reflexes cause a forward-and-backward movement with a single segment of the GI tract? | Segmentation |
| What mechanism is fats in duodenum stimulate the release of gastric inhibitory peptide, which acts to decrease peristalsis of gastric muscle and slows passage of chyme into duodenum? | Hormonal mechanism |
| What mechanism has impulses over sensory and motor fibers in the vagus nerve cause a reflex inhibition of gastric peristalsis? | Nervous mechanism |
| What type of enzymes digest proteins and polypeptides? | Proteases |
| What type of enzymes digest emulsified fats? | Lipases |
| What types of enzymese digest nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA? | Nucleases |
| What type of enzyme digests starches? | Amylase |
Created by:
mpedronan