What are the three types of salivary glands & where are they located in the mouth?

Parotid, Sublingual, Submandibular glands located in the roof of the mouth, cheeks, and under the jawbone.

A researcher collects data on the number of cars passing through a busy intersection at different times of the day for a month. This data would be most useful to analyze which of the following:

Traffic patterns during rush hour.

What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Innate immunity is present at birth while adaptive immunity is acquired after exposure to pathogens.

What are the steps involved in the scientific method?

Observation, hypothesis, prediction, experimentation, analysis, conclusion.

What is the difference between a solid and a liquid?

Solids have a definite shape and volume while liquids have a definite volume but no fixed shape.

What is the difference between a monosaccharide and disaccharide?

Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be further broken down into simpler sugars while disaccharides are composed of two simple sugars.

What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction?

Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to initiate the sliding of actin and myosin filaments.

What is the role of the epididymis in sperm maturation?

The epididymis stores and protects sperm cells until ejaculation.

Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?

Exchange of gases between the body and the environment.

What is the difference between isotonic and isometric muscle contractions?

Isotonic contractions produce movement while isometric contractions produce no movement.

Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?

It provides immediate, non-specific protection.

Which of the following describes the process of osmosis?

Movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

Which statement best defines the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

A physical change involves the rearrangements of atoms and molecules while a chemical change involves the formation of new substances with different chemical properties.

Which of the following statements is true regarding vaccines?

Vaccines work by exposing the individual to a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen.

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

To synthesize proteins in the cell.

Which of the following is an example of a double-blind study?

Both participants and researchers do not know which group participants are assigned to.

What is the primary physiological function of erythrocytes in human circulatory system?

Transportation of oxygen to body tissues.

What are the five regions of the vertebral column, starting from the top and moving downwards?

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?

Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.

Which of the following allows the AIDS virus, which contains RNA, to insert viral DNA into the DNA of a host cell after the AIDS virus enters the cell?

Reverse transcriptase, an enzyme encoded by the virus.

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TEAS Science

Question	Answer
What are the three types of salivary glands & where are they located in the mouth?	Parotid, Sublingual, Submandibular glands located in the roof of the mouth, cheeks, and under the jawbone.
Which of the following substances is excreted by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure?	Renin.
What is the chemical formula for water?	H2O.
Which of the following units is used to indicate length?	M.
A researcher collects data on the number of cars passing through a busy intersection at different times of the day for a month. This data would be most useful to analyze which of the following:	Traffic patterns during rush hour.
What is the largest organ in the human body by surface area?	Skin.
Which of the following describes the function of ligaments?	Ligaments attach two bones.
What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?	Innate immunity is present at birth while adaptive immunity is acquired after exposure to pathogens.
Which of the following is responsible for carrying amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis?	tRNA.
What are the steps involved in the scientific method?	Observation, hypothesis, prediction, experimentation, analysis, conclusion.
What is the difference between a solid and a liquid?	Solids have a definite shape and volume while liquids have a definite volume but no fixed shape.
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for regulating breathing rate and depth?	Diaphragm.
What is the difference between a monosaccharide and disaccharide?	Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be further broken down into simpler sugars while disaccharides are composed of two simple sugars.
Which of the following is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA?	Transcription.
What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction?	Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to initiate the sliding of actin and myosin filaments.
What is the name of the dome-shaped muscle that plays a key role in breathing?	Diaphragm.
What is the role of the epididymis in sperm maturation?	The epididymis stores and protects sperm cells until ejaculation.
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?	Exchange of gases between the body and the environment.
What is the difference between isotonic and isometric muscle contractions?	Isotonic contractions produce movement while isometric contractions produce no movement.
Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?	It provides immediate, non-specific protection.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four primary tissue types found in the human body?	Exocrine glandular.
Which of the following is a type of genetic mutation that involves the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides in a DNA sequence?	Frameshift mutation.
Which of the following describes the process of osmosis?	Movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
Which of the following is a chemical property of a substance?	Reactivity with acid.
Which statement best defines the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?	A physical change involves the rearrangements of atoms and molecules while a chemical change involves the formation of new substances with different chemical properties.
During embryonic development, which of the following germ layers forms the nervous system?	Ectoderm.
What is the primary pigment responsible for photosynthesis in plants?	Chlorophyll a.
Which of the following is an example of an exothermic reaction?	Burning wood.
Which of the following statements is true regarding vaccines?	Vaccines work by exposing the individual to a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen.
What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?	To synthesize proteins in the cell.
Which of the following is an example of a double-blind study?	Both participants and researchers do not know which group participants are assigned to.
What is the name of the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels in the human body?	Insulin.
What is the primary physiological function of erythrocytes in human circulatory system?	Transportation of oxygen to body tissues.
What is the name of the joint that allows for rotation of the arm at the shoulder?	Shoulder joint.
What is the name of the valve that separates the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart?	Mitral valve.
What is the molecular geometry of a molecule of sulphur dioxide (SO2)?	Bent.
What is the name of the genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?	Down syndrome.
Which of the following types of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?	Transfer RNA.
What are the five regions of the vertebral column, starting from the top and moving downwards?	Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?	Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.
The measurement indicated by the line across the center of the cell is best referred to as which of the following?	Diameter.
Which of the following ions binds to the troponin complex, initiating contraction of a muscle?	Calcium.
Which of the following microorganisms lack their own metabolic pathways and can only reproduce inside of a host cell?	Viruses.
Which of the following is the atomic number of an atom that has 12 protons and 12 neutrons?	12.
Which of the following types of cells produce and release antibodies?	Plasma B cells.
Which of the following organic molecules contain both an amine and carboxyl group?	Proteins.
Which of the following allows the AIDS virus, which contains RNA, to insert viral DNA into the DNA of a host cell after the AIDS virus enters the cell?	Reverse transcriptase, an enzyme encoded by the virus.
Which of the following is the main function of centrosomes in animal cells?	Microtubule organization
Which of the following is a group that can be measured against the experimental group?	Control.
Which of the following is used to determine a persons DNA sequence?	Genes.
The cytoskeleton of a cell is compromised of which of the following macromolecules?	Proteins.
Which of the following properties of water explains its solvent abilities for certain substances?	Polarity of water molecules.
A group of students performed an experiment to test terminal velocity, which is the greatest speed obtained by a falling object. The students dropped different numbers of coffee filters and measured the resulting terminal velocity. Which of the following	Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
Which of the following indicates the function of sodium bicarbonate secreted by the pancreas?	Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes the acidity of chyme.
Which of the following results in osteoporosis?	A decline in osteoblast activity while osteoclast activity continues at expected levels.
Which of the following is the process in which an ovarian follicle matures and releases a reproductive egg?	Ovulation.
What is the approximate threshold value for mammalian neurons?	-55mV
Which of the following processes causes the most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?	Diffusion down a concentration gradient.
A myocardial infarction affects which of the following blood vessels of the heart?	Coronary.
Which of the following structures is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?	Cell membrane.
In the following data table of an experiment carried out at 4*C (39.2 F) over 4 hours. Which of the following options represents the dependent variable?	Bag mass change.
Which of the following is the structure through which blood exits the glomerulus?	Efferent arteriole.
In a plant in which fuzzy leaves (F) are dominant over smooth leaves (f), which of the following crosses will produce only offspring with smooth leaves?	ff x ff.
Which of the following represents the complementary strand of a DNA sequence 3' TCGATTCGCA 5' ?	5' AGCTAGCGT 3'
Which of the following structures in the female reproductive system secretes hormones to maintain the uterine lining during pregnancy?	Corpus luteum.
Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?	Urea.
Which of the following glands synthesizes antidiuretic hormone?	Hypothalamus.
In a hypertonic solution, water flows through aquaporins embedded in the plasma membrane of the cell. This type of transport is best known as which of the following?	Osmosis.
Why is it important for new scientific findings to be published?	Other scientists can validate or disprove the findings.
Parasitic worm infestation is hypothesized to be damaging to the host. However, scientists have recently discovered that worm infestation can relive the effects of certain autoimmune disorders. In which way should the hypothesis be modified?	Worm infestation reduces the severity of certain autoimmune diseases.
Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale?	A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.
Nitrogen gas is an extremely stable molecule because of which of the following?	Triple covalent bonds.
Which of the following substances protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation?	Melanin.
Which of the following statements best supports the hypothesis that viruses can cause cancer?	Genes that regulate cell division are found in some viruses.
Which of the following physiological responses is caused by the release of antidiuretic hormone?	Increase in water reabsorption in the collecting duct.
Which of the following is the number of protons in a lithium atom?	3.
Which of the following summarizes a change that takes place as solid turns to a liquid?	Particles become less ordered.
The pleura is a connective tissue sheath that covers which of the following organs?	Lung.
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood?	Pulmonary vein.
Which of the following is the function of a totipotent cell?	Develops into any kind of cell.
Which of the following can lead to a tsunami?	Earthquakes.
Testosterone is categorized as which of the following types of hormones?	Androgen.
In a phase diagram, which of the following is the term used for a substance held at a temperature and pressure where the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of a substance exist simultaneously?	Triple point.
Which of the following best describes the results of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction?	The reaction is completed in a shorter amount of time.
Which of the following substances is responsible for donating H+ ions to act as a buffer when blood pH rises?	Carbonic acid
To separate genomic DNA fragments by size, which of these laboratory methods is most useful?	Electrophoresis.
Hikers who found a human body at high altitude in the Italian Alps thought the man had died recently, but tests indicated he was shot with an arrow more than 5300 yrs ago. Which of the following would be the best reason for prolonged preservation?	The body was frozen in the cold temperature of the Alps shortly after he died and remained frozen until it was found.
Experiments cannot validate hypotheses, only falsify them. The statement above can be restated in which of the following ways?	A hypothesis that has not been falsified remains provisional.
In which of the following regions of the body are the tibia and fibula?	Crural.
Which of the following functions does the myelin sheath perform for a nerve cell?	Insulation.
Which of the following occurs in an oxidation reaction?	Removal of electrons.
An organism with an unknown genotype is crossed with another organism that shows the recessive trait (aa). The punnet square below shows the results. Which of the following is the unknown genotype?	Aa.
To accurately measure the density of a series of small irregular solids made of plastic, wood, fiberglass, and glass, a student will need which of the following lab tools?	Graduated cylinder, water, weighing balance.
Emphysema caused by damage to alveoli from toxins and pollutants is likely to result in the body having difficulty performing which of the following actions?	Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide.
For which of the following reasons does a chloride ion have a negative charge?	It gained an electron.
Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?	Urea.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the substance exists as which of the following?	Simultaneously in solid, liquid, and gas phases.
A patient goes to the doctor with a cold and sore throat and asks for antibiotics. The doctor refuses to prescribe antibiotics to the patient because the illness is caused by which of the following pathogens?	Virus.
Which of the following is an efferent neuron that is responsible for releasing a neurotransmitter that stimulates a muscle cell to contract?	Motor neuron.
Which of the following is the process in which an ovarian follicle matures and releases a reproductive egg?	Ovulation.
Which of the following structures is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?	Cell membrane.
Which of the following actions allows for repolarization of a neuron?	The opening of potassium channels allowing potassium to leave the neuron.
Which of the following structures is an exocrine gland?	Parotid gland.
Which of the following is the function of a totipotent cell?	Develops into any kind of cell.
Which of the following classes of biological molecules includes enzymes?	Proteins.
Which of the following substances is responsible for donating H+ ions to act as a buffer when blood pH rises?	Carbonic acid.
Parasitic worm infestation is hypothesized to be damaging to the host. However, scientists have recently discovered that worm infestation can relive the effects of certain autoimmune disorders. In which ways should the hypothesis be modified?	Worm infestation reduces the severity of certain autoimmune disorders.
If a portion of a strand of DNA bases reads 3' TCGATCGCA 5', which would be the sequence of bases on the complementary strand read?	5' AGCTAGCGT 3'
Which of the following best describes the result of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction?	The reaction is completed in a shorter amount of time.
An individual suffers severe blunt trauma to the thoracic cavity. Which of the following organs are at greatest risk from this injury?	Heart and lungs.
Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale?	A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.
Which of the following is a component of the integumentary system that secretes pheromones?	Apocrine gland.
Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?	Diffusion down a concentration gradient.
Which of the following growth curves shows a population that is at its carrying capacity?	B.
Lipids absorbed in the small intestine will first enter which of the following structures?	Lacteal vessels.
Which of the following layers of skin lack blood vessels?	Epidermis.
Which of the following immune system molecules creates holes in the cell membranes of their target cells in order to destroy the cell?	Perforins.
Use the table below to answer the question. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data?	Air resistance could be greater for A than for B.
Which of the following properties does soap, an emulsifier, have that make it useful for washing dirt off ones hands with water?	Soap's dual polar and nonpolar nature helps bond oil and water.
Which of the following correctly orders structures from simple to complex?	Atoms, cells, tissues, organs.
The covalent bonds between the monomers of an enzyme macromolecule are:	Peptide bonds.
Which of the following is a protein present in blood plasma?	Fibrinogen.
Which of the following describes genetic mutation that results in uncontrolled division of a single cell within the body?	Cancer.
Which of the following tools can be used to measure the turbidity of a liquid by measuring the transmission of light through the sample?	Spectrophotometer.
A researcher wants to gather data on average wing strength of birds. He only has one small net, so large birds are excluded. His results were different than expected, but he believes his data includes enough to estimate strength of all birds. Whats wrong?	Data are biased by the methodology.
If a mother's ______ cell contains mutated DNA, this mutation can be passed to her offspring. Which of the following options correctly completes the sentence above?	Germ.
The mitochondrial inner membrane carries out the same function in cellular respiration as the _____ membrane of chloroplasts in photosynthesis. Which of the following correctly completes the sentence above?	Thylakoid.
Both digestion and absorption happen in which of the following parts of the digestive system?	Small intestine.
A study found two processes, Process A and Process B, to be correlated. Which of the following is true for these processes?	The study does not indicate a casual relationship between the processes.
How many times stronger is the hydrogen-ion concentration of a pH 4 solution as compared with a pH 9 solution?	100,000
Which of the following terms describes the relaxation of the chambers of the heart during the cardiac cycle?	Diastole.
Which of the following summarizes a change that takes place as a solid turns to a liquid?	Particles become less ordered.
Genetic information describing the characteristics of an organism is found in which of the following?	Nuclei.
Which of the following organs filters excess solutes from the blood?	Kidney.
Which of the following is a function of bone?	Storage of minerals.
Which of the following ions binds to the troponin complex, initiating the contraction of a muscle?	Calcium.
A group of students perform an experiment to test terminal velocity, which is the greatest speed obtained by a falling object. The students dropped different numbers of coffee filters and measured the resulting terminal velocity. What is supported?	Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?	Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.
A myocardial infarction affects which of the following blood vessels of the heart?	Coronary.
Which of the following endocrine organs in the diagram below is involved in regulating milk production following childbirth?	Pituitary gland.
Nitrogen gas is an extremely stable molecule because its structure contains which of the following?	Triple covalent bonds.
Which of the following is a mass within the ovary that secretes hormones to maintain the uterine lining during pregnancy?	Corpus luteum.
Which of the following statements best describes the function of erythropoietin in the human body?	It aids in raising the hemoglobin levels in the blood.
Which of the following properties of water explains its solvent abilities for certain substances?	Polarity of water molecules.
The pleura is a connective tissue sheath that covers which of the following organs?	Lung.
Which of the following ions binds to the troponin complex, initiating contraction of a muscle?	Calcium.
Which of the following is a group that can be measured against the experimental group?	Control.
Which of the following best describes the result of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction?	The reaction is completed in shorter amounts of time.
Which of the following statements best supports the hypothesis that viruses can cause cancer?	Genes that regulate cell division are found in some viruses.
Which of the following is the function of a totipotent cell?	Develops into any kind of cell.
To separate genomic DNA fragments by size, which of these laboratory methods is most useful?	Electrophoresis.
In a hypertonic solution, water flows through aquaporins embedded in the plasma membrane of the cell. This type of transport is best known as which of the following?	Osmosis.
Which of the following allows the AIDS virus, which contains RNA, to insert viral DNA into the DNA of a host T-cell after the AIDS virus enters the cell?	Reverse transcriptase, an enzyme encoded by the virus.
In the following data table of an experiment carried out at 4C (39.2F) over 4 hours, which of the following options represents the dependent variable?	Bag mass change.
In a plant in which fuzzy leaves (F) are dominant over smooth leaves (f), which of the following crosses will produce only offspring with smooth leaves?	ff x ff.
In a phase diagram, which of the following is the term for a substance held at a temperature and pressure where the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of a substance exist simultaneously?	Triple point.
Which of the following indicates the function of sodium bicarbonate released by the pancreas?	Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes the acidity of chyme.
Which of the following substances protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation?	Melanin.
Which of the following is the structure through which blood exits the glomerulus?	Efferent arteriole.
Osteoporosis results from which of the following?	A decline in osteoblast activity while osteoclast activity continues at expected levels.
Which of the following is the atomic number that has 12 protons and 12 neutrons?	12.
Hikers who found a human body at high altitude in the Italian Alps thought the man had died recently, but tests indicated he was shot with an arrow 5300 yrs ago. Which of the following would be the best reason for prolonged preservation of the body?	The body was frozen in the cold temperature of the Alps shortly after he died and remained frozen until it was found.
Which of the following substances is responsible for donating H+ ions to act as a buffer when blood pH rises?	Carbonic acid.
Which of the following microorganisms lack their own metabolic pathways and can only reproduce inside of a host cell?	Viruses.
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood?	Pulmonary vein.
Testosterone is categorized as which of the following types of hormones?	Androgen.
Which of the following chemicals is released by one type of immune cells to directly activate another type of immune cell?	Cytokines.
Which of the following respiratory structures is affected by a disease that disrupts gas exchange, such as emphysema?	Alveoli.
Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide to move into the alveoli?	Diffusion down a concentration gradient.
Which of the following organelles is the site of intracellular digestion?	Lysosomes.
A represents atomic mass and Z an atomic number, which of the following describes an atom after a proton is emitted?	A-1,Z-1
An experienced mountaineer decides to climb Mount Everest, taking the same route in the same season and with similar materials and equipment used in a fatal 1924 expedition, which of the following is the purpose of the the climb?	To assess why the earlier expedition failed.
Which of the following structures drains oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys?	Renal vein.
When a volcano erupts, its actions are similar to which of the following events?	A can of soda fizzing when it is opened.
Which of the following pathways best represents the expected flow of blood from the human heart to an organ?	Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form arterioles that deliver blood to capillaries of the organ.
Which of the following cells transfers pigment granules to adjacent epidermal cells?	Melanocytes.
Which of the following is an example of a biological macromolecule?	Nucleic acid, protein.
In which of the following locations does fertilization of an egg cell typically occur?	Fallopian tube.
The component of an atom that posses relatively little mass, thus being negligible in calculating the atomic mass number, is the	Electron.
A slice of apple left on a table slowly goes brown to an enzymatic reaction. Dipping the apple slice in lemon juice prevents it from browning. Which of the following best explains this result?	Lemon juice has a pH which inactivates the enzymes.
Which of the following parts of the eukaryotic cell is responsible for making ATP?	Mitochondria.
An experienced mountaineer decides to climb Mount Everest, taking the same route in the same season and with similar materials and equipment used in a fatal 1924 expedition, which of the following is the purpose of the the climb?	To assess why the earlier expedition failed.
In a certain plant, red flowers are dominant over white flowers. A plant heterozygous for red flowers and a plant with white flowers are crossed. Which of the following is the expected proportion of phenotypes in the next generation?	2 red, 2 white.
Which of the following are used to determine a persons DNA sequence?	Genes.
Which of the following reasons explaining why it is important for new scientific findings to be published?	Other scientists can validate or disprove the findings.
The measurement indicated by the line across the center of the cell is best referred to as which of the following?	Diameter.
Which of the following summarizes a change that takes place as a solid turns to a liquid?	Particles become less ordered.
The cytoskeleton of a cell is compromised of which of the following macromolecules?	Proteins.
Lithium has an atomic number of 3 and a mass number of 7. Which of the following is the number of protons in a lithium atom?	3.
Which of the following can lead to a tsunami?	Earthquakes.
Which of the following is the main function of centrosomes in animal cells?	Microtubule organization.
Which of the following physiological responses is caused by the release of antidiuretic hormone?	Increase in water reabsorption in the collecting duct.
Which of the following is the process in which an ovarian follicle matures and releases a reproductive egg?	Ovulation.
Which of the following glands synthesizes antidiuretic hormone?	Hypothalamus.
Which of the following organic molecules contain both an amine and carboxyl group?	Proteins.
The vermiform appendix extends from the region of the large intestine known as which of the following?	Cecum.
Which of the following structures drains oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys?	Renal vein.
Which of the following distinguishes endocrine and exocrine glands from another?	The presence or absence of ducts.
Which of the following organs removes nitrogenous waste from the body?	Kidneys.
Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?	Urea.
In pea plants, green pod color (6) is dominant to yellow pod color (A cross was done between a plant with green pods and a plant with yellow pods. Of the resulting offspring 50% had been green and 50% had yellow. Which were the genotype of both parents?	Gg x gg.
Which of the following structures is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?	Cell membrane.
Which of the following would result in an increase in the chemical reaction?	Using a mortar and pestle to grind a solid reactant to a powder.
Which of the following atoms is most likely to become a cation?	Fluorine, atomic number 9.
Which of the following cells transfers pigment granules to adjacent epidermal cells?	Melanocytes.
In which of the following locations does fertilization of an egg cell typically occur?	Fallopian tube.
Which of the following pathways best represents the expected flow of blood from the human heart to an organ?	Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form arterioles that deliver blood to capillaries of the organ.
The hip is an example of which of the following type of joints?	Ball-and-socket.
Which of the following is an example of a biological macromolecule?	Nucleic acid, protein.
Which of the following demonstrates a chemical reaction of water?	Water produces gas with sodium metal.
The component of an atom that possesses relatively little mass, thus being negligible in calculating the atomic mass number, is the	Electron.
Which of the following hormones regulates blood calcium levels?	Parathyroid hormone.
Which of the following tissues lines the interior structures of the heart?	Endocardium.
Which of the following molecules contains the fewest covalent bonds?	Chlorine molecule.
Which of the following tools can be used to measure the turbidity of a liquid by measuring the transmission of light through the sample?	Spectrophotometer.
Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale?	A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.
Which of the following contains a humans hereditary information?	Chromatin.
Which of the following body systems breaks downs proteins into amino acids?	Digestive.
Which of the following types of cells stimulates other immune cells to attack and destroy foreign agents?	Helper T-cells.
Which of the following nucleotides is only found in RNA?	Uracil.
A strand of DNA bases reads 5 ' AGCTAGCGT 3' what would the sequence of bases on the contemporary strand read?	3' TCGATCGCA 5'
Use the table below to answer the question. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data?	Air resistance is greater for A than for B.
A slice of apple left on a table slowly goes brown due to an enzymatic reaction. Dipping the apple slice in lemon juice prevents it from browning. Which explains this result?	Lemon juice has a pH which inactivates the enzymes.
Which of the following characteristics of water helps explain why coastal areas experience less dramatic temperature changes during the day?	Water has a high specific heat capacity.
Which of the following correctly orders structures from simple to complex?	Atoms, cells, tissues, organs.
Which of the following parts of the eukaryotic cell is responsible for making ATP?	Mitochondria.
Which structure of the female reproductive system is the source of the blood and mucosal tissue during menstruation? Select only the hot spt that corresponds to your answer.	B.
Using the equation PH=-log (H+), a solution with a (H+)= 10 + M has a pH of which of the following?	1.
Which of the following is the term given to the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information to make a specific protein molecule?	GENE.
Which of the following is classified as a noninfectious disease?	Psoriasis.
Escherichia cell is plated on nutrient agar plates that each contain a different type of antibiotic. The shaded area represents growth of the bacteria. Which of the following plates contain bacteria that were the most resistant to the antibiotic?	C.
A study found to processes. Process A and Process B, are to be correlated. Which of the following is true for these processes?	The study does not indicate a casual relationship between the processes.
Which of the following endocrine organs in the diagram below is involved in regulating milk production following childbirth?	Pituitary gland.
Experiments cannot validate hypotheses, only falsify them. The statement above can be restated in which of the following ways?	A hypothesis that has not been falsified remains provisional.
Which of the following describes one difference between skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles?	Cardiac muscles contain intercalated discs, whereas skeletal muscles do not.
The gray matter of the brain is largely made up of which of the following?	Neuron cell bodies.
In order to determine the effects of energy drinks on womens running speed, researchers gave 300 women an energy drink and recorded the time it took for them to run 2 miles. Researchers concluded that energy drinks increase running speed. What's next?	Repeat the experiment giving half of the women water and the other half energy drinks.
Parasitic worm infestation is hypothesized to be damaging to the host. Scientists have discovered that worm infestation can relieve the effects of certain autoimmune disorders, which way should the hypothesize be modified?	Worm infestation reduces, the severity of certain autoimmune disorders.
The vermiform appendix extends from the region of the large intestine known as which of the following?	Cecum.
Which of the following atoms is most likely to become a cation?	Potassium, atomic number 19.
Which of the following respiratory structures is affected by a disease that disrupts gas exchange, such as emphysema?	Alveoli.
In pea plants, green pods (G) is dominant to yellow pods (g). A cross was done between a plant with green pods and a plant with yellow. The resulting offspring, 50% had green pods and 50% had yellow pods. Which were the genotypes of both parent plants?	Gg x gg.
Which of the following would result in an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction?	Using a mortar and pestle to grind a solid reactant to a powder.
The hips is an example of which of the following types of joints?	Ball-and-socket.
Which of the following distinguishes endocrine and exocrine glands from one another?	The presence or absence of ducts.
Which of the following demonstrates a chemical reaction of water?	Water produces gas with sodium metal.
Which of the following hormones regulates blood calcium levels?	Parathyroid hormone.
Which of the following tools can be used to measure the turbidity of a liquid by measuring the transmission of light through the sample?	Spectrophotometer.
Which of the following tissues lines the interior surfaces of the heart?	Endocardium.
Which of the following contains a humans hereditary information?	Chromatin.
Which of the following molecules contain the fewest covalent bonds?	Chlorine molecule (CI).
Which of the following nucleotides is only found in RNA?	Uracil.
Which of the following organelles is the sit of intracellular digestion?	Lysosomes.
Which of the following types of cells stimulates other immune cells to attack and destroy foreign agents?	Helper T-cells.
Which of the following characteristics of water helps explain why coastal areas experience less dramatic temperature changes during the day than more inland areas?	Water has a high specific heat capacity.
Which of the following is the term given to the sequence of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein molecule?	Gene.
Which of the following body systems breaks down proteins into amino acids?	Digestive.
Which of the following is classified as a noninfectious disease?	Psoriasis.
Using the equation pH= -log with a (H+) = 10-9 M has a pH of which of the following?	9.
Water molecules enter cells by which of the following transport mechanisms?	Facilitated diffusion.
A researcher collects data on the number of cars passing through a busy intersection at different times of the day for a month. This data would be most useful to analyze which of the following:	Traffic patterns during rush hour.
Which of the following describes the function of ligaments?	Ligaments attach two bones.
What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?	Innate immunity is present at birth while adaptive immunity is acquired after exposure to pathogens.
Which of the following is responsible for carrying amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis?	tRNA.
What are the steps involved in the scientific method?	Observation, hypothesis, prediction, experimentation, analysis, conclusion.
What is the difference between a solid and a liquid?	Solids have a definite shape and volume while liquids have a definite volume but no fixed shape.
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for regulating breathing rate and depth?	Diaphragm.
What is the difference between a monosaccharide and a disaccharide?	Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be further broken down into simpler sugars while disaccharides are composed of two simple sugars.
Which of the following is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA?	Transcripition.
What is the role of the calcium in muscle contraction?	Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to initiate the sliding of actin and myosin filaments.
What is the name of the dome-shaped muscle that plays a key role in breathing?	Diaphragm.
What is the role of the epididymis in sperm maturation?	The epididymis stores and protects sperm cells until ejaculation.
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?	Exchange of gases between the body and the environment.
What is the difference between isotonic and isometric muscle contractions?	Isotonic contractions produce movement while isometric contractions produce no movement.
Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?	It provides immediate, non-specific protection.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four primary tissue types found in the human body?	Exocrine glandular.
Which of the following is a type of genetic mutation that involves the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides in a DNA sequence?	Frameshift mutation.
Which of the following describes the process of osmosis?	Movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
Which of the following is a chemical property of a substance?	Reactivity with acid.
Which statement best defines the difference between a physical change and chemical change?	A physical change involves the rearrangement of atoms and molecules while a chemical change involves the formation of new substances with different chemical properties.
During embryonic development, which of the following germ layers forms the nervous system?	Ectoderm.
What is the primary pigment responsible for photosynthesis in plants?	Chlorophyll a.
Which of the following is an example of an exothermic reaction?	Burning wood.
Which of the following statements is true regarding vaccines?	Vaccines work by exposing the individual to a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen.
What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?	To synthesize proteins in the cell.
Which of the following is an example of a double-blind study?	Both participants and researchers do not know which group participants are assigned to.
What is the name of the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels in the human body?	Insulin.
What is the primary physiological function of erythrocytes in the human circulatory system?	Transportation of oxygen to body tissues.
What is the name of the joint that allows for rotation of the arm at the shoulder?	Shoulder joint.
What is the name of the valve that separates the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart?	Mitral valve.
What is the molecular geometry of a molecular of sulphur dioxide (SO2)?	Bent.
What is the name of the genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?	Down syndrome.
Which of the following types of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?	Transfer RNA.
What are the five regions of the vertebral column, starting from the top and moving downwards?	Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal.
Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?	Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.
Which of the following ions binds to the troponin complex, initiating contraction of a muscle?	Calcium.
Which of the following microorganisms lack their own metabolic pathways and can only reproduce inside of a host cell?	Viruses.
Which of the following types of cells produce and release antibodies?	Plasma B cells.
Which of the following organic molecules contain both an amine and carboxyl group?	Proteins.
Which of the following is the main function of centrosomes in animal cells?	Microtubule organization.
Which of the following is a group that can be measured against the experimental group?	Control.
Which of the following is used to determine a persons DNA sequence?	Genes.
The cytoskeleton of a cell is compromised of which of the following macromolecules?	Proteins.
Which of the following properties of water explains its solvent abilities for certain substances?	Polarity of water molecules.
Which of the following indicates the function of sodium bicarbonate secreted by the pancreas?	Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes the acidity of chyme.
A myocardial infarction affects which of the following blood vessels of the heart?	Coronary.
Which of the following is the structure through which blood exits the glomerulus?	Efferent arteriole.
Which of the following glands synthesizes antidiuretic hormone?	Hypothalamus.
In a hypertonic solution, water flows through aquaporins embedded in the plasma membrane of the cell. This type of transport is best known as which of the following?	Osmosis.
Which of the following physiological responses is caused by the release of antidiuretic hormone?	Increase in water reabsorption in the collecting duct.
Which of the following is the number of protons in a lithium atom?	3.
Which of the following occurs in an oxidation reaction?	Removal of electrons.
For which of the following reasons does a chloride ion have a negative charge?	It gained an electron.
Which of the following actions allows for repolarization of a neuron?	The opening of potassium channels allowing potassium to leave the neuron.
Which of the following is a component of the integumentary system that secretes pheromones?	Apocrine glands.
Lipids absorbed in the small intestine will first enter which of the following structures?	Lacteal vessels.
Which of the following layers of skin lack blood vessels?	Epidermis.
Which of the following immune system molecules creates holes in the cell membranes of their target cells in order to destroy the cell?	Perforins.
The covalent bonds between the monomers of an enzyme macromole are:	Peptide bonds.
Which of the following is a protein present in blood plasma?	Fibrinogen.
Which of the following describes a genetic mutation that results in uncontrolled division of a single cell within the body?	Cancer.
If a mothers _____ cell contains mutated DNA, this mutation can be passed to her offspring. Which of the following options completes the sentence above?	Germ.
The mitochondrial inner membrane carries out the same function in cellular respiration as the _____ membrane of chloroplasts in photosynthesis. What completes this sentence?	Thylakoid.
Both digestion and absorption happen in which of the following parts of the digestive system?	Small intestine.
Which of the following organs filters excess solutes from the blood?	Kidney.
Which of the following statements best describe the function of erythropoietin in the human body?	It aids in raising hemoglobin levels in the blood.
Which of the following chemicals is released by one type of immature cell to directly activate another type of immune cell?	Cytokines.
Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?	Diffusion down a concentration gradient.
Which of the following organelles is the site of intracellular digestion?	Lysosomes.
Which of the following terms describes the removal of metabolic waste from the body?	Excretion.
The shortening of a sarcomere in skeletal muscle is directly due to the interactional of which of the following?	Myosin and actin.
Which of the following parts of the central nervous system releases when chemicals that regulate the pituitary gland?	Hypothalamus.
A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Which of the following describes the resulting osmosis?	There is a net flow of water out of the cell.
Which of the following is an example of active transport?	Movement of a sodium and potassium across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient.
Carbohydrates are composed of which of the following?	Monosaccharides.
A student investigating the importance of wavelengths above and below and the visible spectrum for photosynthesis sets up an experiment as follows over a 2 month period, all with illumination at 1 meter distance from plants grown with the same soil/water:	3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to white light.
At the end of the experiment, she finds that the IR treated plants are scorched, the UV treated plants have wilted, but the white light created plants are growing normally. Which statement would be likely to be correct.	Wavelength of lights the only variable that has been changed between groups.
Which of the following is a weakness of a correlational study?	Cannot determine causation.
A vasectomy is a procedure in which the vas deferens are cut. Which of the following describes why a vasectomy leads to infertility?	The vasectomy blocks movement of sperm from a testis into the epididymis.
Lifelong protection after exposure to a virus such as chickenpox is due to which of the following types of immunity?	Active.
An equal mass of which of the following states of matter could completely fill either a 100ml or 500ml container?	Gas.
Carbon has an atomic number of 6. Which of the following is true about isotope C-12?	C-12 possesses 6 neutrons 6 protons in its nucleus.
How many times larger is the volume of a cube that is 4 mm on all compared to the volume of a cube that is 2mm on all sides?	8 times.
A researcher collects high-resolution photographs of the earth taken from outer space at annual intervals for the last decades. This data would be most useful to analyze which of the following?	Weather patterns during hurricanes.
Identify the pathway of blood through the components of the cardiovascular system, starting with the blood entering the heart through the superior vena cava?	Right atrium.
Which of the following body systems develop from the same origin tissue as lungs?	Gastrointestinal.
A scientist predicts that germinating beans will use more oxygen than non-germinating beans. This prediction is referred to as which of the following?	A hypothesis.
Which of the following units is used to indicate mass?	Mg.
Histones are proteins associated with which of the following?	DNA.
When an ionic salt is dissolved in water, the ions CO3 and K+ are formed. Which is the formula for the salt?	K2CO3.
A researcher is gathering large amounts of data about patients who have common diseases and the effectiveness of various medications in comparison to a placebo. Which of the following types of graphs is the best way for the researcher to present the data?	Bar graph.
Which of the following statements correctly describes the change in coat coloring of an arctic fur from brown in summer to white in winter?	The fox's phenotype changes, but the genotype does not.
Which of the following occurs during inhalation?	The diaphragm moves downwards.
Which of the following layers of kin contains glands and hair follicles?	Dermis.
Which of the following is true if Koch's postulates are met regarding a disease?	The disease is caused by a microorganism.
Which of the following is a part of pulmonary circuit?	Pulmonary vein.
Which of the following describes the function of tendons?	Tendons attach skeletal muscle to bone.
Mutations in which of the following types of cells can be inherited by offspring?	Ovarian.
Which of the following vessels is responsible for carrying blood from the upper body to the right atrium of the heart?	Superior vena cava.
The following equation summarizes the carbonic acid-bicarbonate ion buffer system of the blood CO2+H2OH2CO3-+H+. Which of the following shows the reaction?	HCO3-+H+H2CO3
Permanent damage to which of the following types of tissues in the spinal cord will cause paralysis?	Nervous tissue.
Which of the following is a property of water?	Water dissolves polar ionic compounds.
Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?	C.
Which of the following pancreatic secretions digests starch into disaccharides?	Amylase.
Which of the following describes why water has a concave, or downward-curving meniscus when poured in a glass beaker?	The adhesive forces with the glass are greater than the cohesive forces.
Which of the following best described adaptive immunity?	A response to specific traits of specific pathogens.
Which of the following is a function of a catalyst?	To increase the rate of reaction.
Which of the following describes the process by which solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) turns directly into carbon dioxide gas?	Sublimation.
Which of the following body cavities is subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?	Ventral.

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