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CHM chap 14 and 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a group that provides the ability to further functionalize a molecule? | functional group |
| what functional group only contains strong C-H and C-C bonds? | alkanes |
| what functional group contains strong C-H and C-C bonds which exhibit very little reactivity? | alkenes |
| what are the 2 functional groups in carbohydrates? | alcohol (OH) and carbonyl (C=O) |
| what do aldehydes and ketones both contain? | carbonyl group |
| how do aldehydes and ketones differ from one another? | the type of groups attached on either side of carbonyl group |
| what is used as a shorthand for any saturated carbon chain? | R |
| what is one of the most important nutritional carbs for humans and animals? | glucose |
| what are the 3 things carbon is made of? | carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen |
| what is the formula of glucose? | C6H12O6 |
| what are carbohydrates referred to as? | sugars or saccharides |
| what are the 2 groups carbohydrates are split into? | simple and complex |
| what is a carbohydrate that cant be hydrolyzed to simpler carbohydrates? | simple carbohydrates |
| what is a carbohydrate that can be hydrolyzed to simpler carbohydrates? | complex carbohydrates |
| what is an aldehyde or ketone that contains many OH groups? | monosaccharide |
| what are convenient ways to draw molecules with multiple stereogenic centers? | fischer projections |
| what type of monosaccharide has CHO and CH2OH? | aldose |
| what type of monosaccharide has two CH2OHs? | ketoses |
| what does it mean if something ends in OSE? | its a carbohydrate |
| what is the bottom most OH group on the right side? | D-sugars |
| what are naturally occurring sugars? | D-sugars |
| what is the bottom most OH group on the left side? | L-sugars |
| what are non-naturally occurring sugars? | L-sugars |
| what is the most abundant sugar in nature? | D-glucose |
| what is also called dextrose? | D-glucose |
| What is formed from lactose? | D-galactose |
| what sugar is found in the blood and used for energy? | D-glucose |
| what is needed for proper brain function? | D-galactose |
| what is the most abundant ketohexose in nature? | D-fructose |
| what sugar is common in fruits and honey? | D-fructose |
| what are aldohexoses more stable in? | cyclic form or pyranose ring |
| what 2 forms can form to form a pyranose ring? | a and B anomer |
| what is the difference between the a and B anomer? | location of OH groups |
| can the glycoside link be alpha or beta? | yes |
| when 2 a-D-glucose molecules create an a-glycoside link together what do they create? | disaccharide |
| what is a complex sugar made from 2 monosaccharides? | maltose |
| what are sugars that have 3 monosaccharide molecules? | trisaccharide |
| what is a major constituent of starch? | amylose |
| what acts as a reserve source of a-D-glucose? | liver |
| do humans have enzymes capable of metabolizing a-glycoside links between sugars? | yes |
| what is the primary source of energy for cells in the body? | glucose |
| the linking of b-D-galactose and a-D-glucose molecules via b-glycoside link creates what? | disaccharide |
| are humans incapable of metabolizing b-glycoside links between monosaccharides? | yes |
| what special enzyme allows for metabolism of b-glycoside linkage? | lactase |
| the linking of D-glucose molecules via B-glycoside links form what? | polysaccharide cellulose |
| what is a major part of plant structures that imparts structural rigidity and strength? | cellulose |
Created by:
Riley06
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