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History Unit 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Henry Bessemer | created the process for making steel from pig iron by burning out impurities by means of a blast of air forced through the hot liquid metal |
| Thomas Edison | invented the first electric light bulb |
| Interchangeable Parts | identical components that can be used in place of one another in manufacturing |
| Assembly Line | production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks |
| Urban renewal | process of fixing up the poor and rundown areas of a city |
| Standard of living | measures the quality and availability of necessities and comforts in a society |
| capital | money or wealth used to invest in business r enterprise |
| Entrepreneur | person who assumes finial risk in the hope of making a profit |
| Eli Whitney | invented the cotton gin |
| Urbanization | movement of people from rural areas to cities |
| tenement | multistory buildings divided into crowded apartments |
| labor union | workers organization |
| Causes of Industrial Revolution | -The Agrarian Revolution -A population explosion -A revolution in energy |
| Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? | Britain |
| How did the Industrial Revolution spread? | It spread to the U.S, Japan, Germany, and other counties by the 1800's. |
| Which industry was initially transformed by the Industrial revolution in England? | textiles |
| Flying Shuttle | Hand operated wove clothes quicker |
| spinning jenny | on eperson could spin 16 threads at once |
| water frame | faster water powered spinner |
| spinning mule | fastest of all and produced the best thread |
| Why were women and children hired to work in facotries | women- it was cheeper children- it was cheeper and their small hands could do a lot of efficient work. they could also move easier in coal mines too |
| Lassez faire | idea that government should not interfere with business |
| Where were factories first built | -by rivers or water -this was so they could be powerd off the water |
| cottage industry | product made start to finish at home |
| factory industry | product made through different processes ina foctory |
| how did railroads contribute to industrial revolution. | they helped move people and product around making things a lot more effiecent |
| factors in production | land- natural resource for coal/rivers/hors labor- growing population helped capital- funds for investment by wealthy citizens |
| effects of the industrial revoltion | -urbanization- -cancers/new sickness -higher crime rates -polution -poor working conditions -new class structure |
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