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ForensicsHandwriting
Forensics - Handwriting and Forgery
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Document analysis | the examination and comparison of questioned documents with known material |
| questioned document | a signature, handwriting, printing, or other written mark whose source or authenticity is in dispute or uncertain |
| exemplar | an item or document of known authenticity |
| document expert | scientifically trained person who scientifically analyzes handwriting and other features in a document |
| graphologist | a person who studies the personality of the writer based on samples |
| forgery | documents made, adapted, falsified with the intention of deceiving someone |
| fraudulence | forgery for material gain |
| counterfeiting | when false documents or other items are copied for the purpose of deception |
| Examples of questioned documents | checks, wills, passports, drivers license, currency, letters, contracts, suicide notes, receipts |
| What do handwriting examiners compare questioned documents to? | Exemplars |
| What year was it determined that handwriting analysis was a form of expert testimony? | 1999 |
| Would a graphologist be able to provide scientific evidence in court? | no, they could only contribute personality type |
| What are the reasons a persons handwriting can exhibit natural variation? | Type of writing instrument, mood, age, and how hurried we are |
| What makes a persons handwriting unique? | subconscious characteristics formed by habit |
| Characteristics that fall under Letter Form | shape of letter, size of letter, curve of letter, angle/slant of letter, use of lines between letters/connectedness, dotted i's and crossed t's |
| Characteristics that fall under Line Form | smoothness, darkness of upward vs downward lines |
| Characteristics that fall under Formatting | space between letters, space between words/lines, placement of words on a line, margin size |
| What do biometric signature pads evaluate? | speed, pressure, and rhythm of signature |
| What does infrared spectroscopy help determine? | ink type |
| What can 3D scanning tell us? | the pressure used and stroke order |
| Why is handwriting analysis limited? | Because it relies on the expertise of the examiner and depends on if the base documents are real/fake, if mood, age, or fatigue impacted the handwriting, or if the expert missed any details |
| What is necessary for handwriting analysis to be admissible in court? | Scientifically accepted guidelines must be followed including the 12 characteristic |
| How is fraudulence different than forgery? | Fraudulence is for material gain |
| What are ways that checks can be forged? | Ordering another's checks from a deposit slip, altering a check, intercepting another's check, altering and cashing it, creating a check from scratch |
| Which groups still write a lot of checks | Government (benefit checks) and commercial (business to business) |
| What is literary forgery? | Forging a piece of writing such as a historic letter or manuscript |
| What are items commonly forged today? | luxury items (shoes, purses, jewelry, designer labels, skincare) electronics (computers, phones, tablets) and currency |
| How is printer paper different from currency paper? | Regular paper contains starch, paper currency contains rag fiber that is more like a fabric than paper |
| What is the number one reason people detect fake currency? | It doesn't feel right |
| Which bill hasn't gotten redesigned in a long time? | $1 |
Created by:
elladunmire