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reproductive
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A specialized sex cell carrying 23 chromosomes—one half the number in body cells. | Gamete |
| The process where the chromosomes in one male gamete (sperm) combine with the chromosomes in one female gamete (oocyte). | Fertilization |
| The male gamete. | Sperm |
| The female gamete. | Oocyte |
| The diploid cell formed when a sperm and an oocyte combine and their nuclei fuse. | Zygote |
| A duct that transports sperm from the epididymis during ejaculation. | Ductus deferens |
| A skin-covered, highly pigmented, muscular sack that houses the testes and extends from the body behind the penis. | Scrotum |
| The male gonads; they produce both sperm and androgens (like testosterone). | Testes |
| A coiled tube where formed sperm are transferred to and mature. | Epididymis |
| Paired glands that contribute approximately 60% of the semen volume. | Seminal Vesicle |
| Sits anterior to the rectum at the base of the bladder, surrounding the prostatic urethra. | Prostate gland |
| Two glands that release a thick, salty fluid that lubricates the end of the urethra and the vagina. | Bulbourethral glands |
| Seminal fluid after mixing with prostate gland secretions. | Semen |
| The fluid released by the bulbourethral glands after sexual arousal, shortly before semen release. | Pre-ejaculate |
| The male organ used for urination and sexual intercourse. | Penis |
| The fold of skin covering the glans penis in an uncircumcised male. | Prepuce |
| One of two masses of erectile tissue in the penis. | Corpus cavernosum |
| The mass of erectile tissue surrounding the spongy urethra in the penis. | Corpus spongiosum |
| A seam on the external view of the scrotum. | Raphe |
| Muscles located in the muscle layer of the scrotum. | Cremaster muscles |
| Muscles located in the muscle layer of the scrotum. | Dartos muscles |
| A bundle containing the ductus deferens, testicular artery, and plexus of testicular veins. | Spermatic cord |
| Supplies the testes with blood. | Testicular artery |
| A protective layer of connective tissue surrounding the testis, from which septa extend. | Tunica albuginea |
| The site of sperm production within the testis. | Seminiferous tubules |
| A network of tubules that receives sperm from the straight tubules. | Rete testis |
| Ducts that transfer formed sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis. | Efferent ductules |
| The process that begins with spermatogonia and concludes with the production of sperm. | Spermatogenesis |
| The diploid (46 chromosomes) stem cells of the testis that begin spermatogenesis with mitosis. | Spermatogonia |
| The cell produced from spermatogonia mitosis that undergoes Meiosis I. | Primary spermatocyte 2n |
| The cell produced from spermatogonia mitosis that undergoes Meiosis I. | Secondary spermatocyte 2n |
| The haploid cell produced after Meiosis I. | Secondary spermatocyte 1n |
| The cell produced after Meiosis II that undergoes spermiogenesis. | Spermatid 1n |
| The final stage of spermatogenesis where spermatids develop into spermatozoa (sperm). | Spermiogenesis |
| Supporting cells in the seminiferous tubules that support spermatogenesis and form the blood-testis barrier. | Sertoli cells |
| Created by tight junctions between Sertoli cells to keep bloodborne substances from reaching germ cells. | Blood-testis barrier |
| Cells located between the seminiferous tubules that produce and secrete testosterone. | Leydig cells |
| An androgen, a steroid hormone produced by Leydig cells. | Testosterone |
| The manufacture of androgens, resulting in high concentrations of testosterone in the testes. | Testicular steroidogenesis |
| The oval, somewhat flattened structure at the head of the sperm. | Acrosome |
| The part of the sperm containing the DNA. | Sperm Head |
| Used by sperm mitochondria to generate ATP for movement through the female reproductive tract. | Fructose |
| An alkaline, milky fluid that is critical to first coagulate and then decoagulate the semen following ejaculation. | Prostate fluid |
| Swelling of the corporal tissue as cavernosal arteries dilate, engorging the tissue with blood. | Erection |
| Decline in Leydig cell activity (starting around 40-50) leading to symptoms like fatigue, reduced muscle mass, and lowered fertility. | Andropause |
| Released by Sertoli cells; binds to testosterone, keeping it at a high concentration. | Androgen-binding protein |
Created by:
Starwitness