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Ch 5-8 Med Termin.
Medical Terminology Chapters 5-8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| encephalomyelitis | inflammation of the brain and spinal cord |
| encephalomyeloneuropathy | disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves |
| encephalopathy | disease of the brain |
| endarterectomy | removal of the inside of an artery |
| hydrocephaly | abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain |
| hyperesthesia | increased sensation |
| hypnotic | a drug that aids sleep |
| idiopathic | having no known cause or origin |
| interictal | time between seizures |
| intracerebral hematoma | a hematoma located inside the brain. |
| intracerebral hemorrhage | excessive bleeding inside the brain |
| ischemic stroke | a stroke where blood loss is caused by a blockage |
| lobectomy | removal of a lobe |
| lobotomy | incision into a lobe |
| local anesthetic | any anesthetic that does not affect consciousness |
| lumbar puncture (LP) | inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid |
| macrocephaly | abnormally large head |
| magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) | procedure used to examine blood vessels |
| acrophobia | fear of heights |
| afferent nerve | a nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system |
| agnosia | inability to comprehend |
| agoraphobia | fear of outdoor spaces |
| anesthetic | a drug that causes loss of sensation |
| anorexia | an eating disorder characterized by the patient's restricting food or refusing to eat |
| anticonvulsant | a drug that opposes convulsions |
| antidepressant | a drug that opposes depression |
| antipsychotic | a drug that opposes psychosis |
| anxiolytic | a drug that lessens anxiety |
| apathy | lack of emotion |
| aphasia | inability to speak |
| ambiopia | double vision |
| amblyopia | decreased vision (when it occurs in one eye, it is referred to as lazy eye ) |
| aniridia | absence of an iris |
| aphakia | absence of a lens |
| asthenopia | weak vision (i.e. eye strain) |
| astigmatism | vision problem caused by the fact that light rays entering the eye aren't focused on a single point |
| blepharedema | eyelid swelling |
| blepharitis | eyelid inflammation |
| blepharoconjunctivitis | inflammation of the eyelid and conjunctiva |
| cerumen impaction | buildup of ear wax blocking the ear canal |
| cerumenolytic | drug that aids in the breakdown of ear wax |
| ceruminoma | benign tumor of the cerumen-secreting glands of the ear |
| ceruminosis | excessive formation of ear wax |
| cochleitis | inflammation of the cochlea |
| conductive hearing loss | sound does not get to the middle/inner ear (due to blockages) |
| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva (also known as pink eye) |
| corneal abrasion | scratch on the cornea |
| corneal xerosis | dryness of the cornea |
| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of the tear gland |
| optic neuritis | inflammation of the optic nerve |
| otalgia | ear pain |
| otitis externa | inflammation of the outer ear |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear |
| otodynia | ear pain |
| otomycosis | fungal ear condition |
| otopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the ears |
| otorrhea | discharge from the ear |
| otosclerosis | hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones of the middle ear |
| otoscopy | procedure for looking in the ear |
| ototoxic | drug that is damaging to the ear/hearing |
| polyadenopathy | disease involving many glands |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyphagia | excessive eating |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| thelarche | beginning of breast development |
| thymectomy | removal of the thymus |
| thymoma | tumor of the thymus |
| thyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid |
| thyroiditis | inflammation of the thyroid |
| thyromegaly | enlargement of the thyroid |
| thyroparathyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands |
| thyrotoxicosis | condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone |
| thyrotropin | hormone that stimulates the thyroid |
| uremia | presence of urinary waste in the blood |
| hypophysitis | inflammation of the pituitary gland |
| hypopituitarism | condition caused by the undersecretion of the pituitary gland |
| hypothyroidism | underproduction by the thyroid |
| insulinoma | tumor that secretes insulin |
| ketonuria | ketone bodies in the urine |
| menarche | beginning or first menstruation |
| pancreatectomy | removal of the pancreas |
| glycolysis | breakdown of sugar |
| glycopenia | deficiency of sugar |
| goiter | swollen thyroid gland |
| hirsutism | excessive growth of facial and body hair in women |
| hypercalcemia | excessive calcium in the blood |
| hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood |
| hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
| hypergonadism | excessive secretion of the sex glands |
| hyperkalemia | excessive potassium in the blood |
| anisocytosis | condition characterized by a great inequality in the size of red blood cells |
| antibody | substance produced by the body in response to an antigen |
| antigen | substance that causes the body to produce antibodies |
| aplastic anemia | anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities |
| asplenia | absence of a spleen or of spleen function |
| bilirubinemia | the presence of bilirubin (red bile) in the blood |
| deep vein thrombosis | the formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg |
| ecchymosis | large bruise |
| elliptocyte | oval-shaped red blood cell |
| elliptocytosis | condition characterized by an increase in the number of oval-shaped red blood cells |
| embolism | blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus |
| hemolytic anemia | anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells |
| hemophilia | condition in which the blood doesn't clot, thus causing excessive bleeding |
| hemostatic | drug that stops the flow of blood |
| hepatosplenitis | inflammation of the liver and spleen |
| hepatosplenomegaly | enlargement of the liver and spleen |
| hyperbilirubinemia | excessive bilirubin in the blood |
| hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood |
| hypercoagulability | increased ability of the blood to coagulate |
| hyperlipidemia | excessive fat in the blood |
| hypersplenism | increased spleen activity |
| hypervolemia | increased blood volume |
| lymphopenia | abnormal deficiency in lymph |
| macrocytosis | condition characterized by large red blood cells |
| microcytosis | condition characterized by small red blood cells |
| myeloma | cancerous tumor of the bone marrow |
| myelopoiesis | formation of bone marrow |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone and bone marrow |
| pancytopenia | deficiency in all cellular components of the blood |
| lymphopenia | deficiency in all cellular components of the blood |
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