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HBS 4.2.1

TermDefinition
Oral Cavity The mouth; where food enters and chewing begins.
Pharynx The throat; pushes food from the mouth to the esophagus.
Epiglottis A flap that closes over the airway so food doesn’t go into the lungs.
Esophagus A tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach.
Stomach A muscular sac that mixes food with acid and breaks it down.
Small Intestine Long tube where most digestion and nutrient absorption happens.
Duodenum First part breaks down food using enzymes and bile.
Jejunum Middle part absorbs nutrients.
Ileum Last part; absorbs leftover nutrients and sends food to the large intestine.
Cecum First pouch of the large intestine; receives food from the ileum.
Large Intestine Absorbs water and forms solid waste.
Ascending Colon Moves waste upward
Transverse Colon Moves waste across the abdomen.
Descending Colon Moves waste downward.
Sigmoid Colon S-shaped section leading to the rectum.
Rectum Stores poop until it’s ready to come out.
Anus Opening where waste leaves the body.
Salivary Glands Make saliva to help chew and swallow.
Teeth Break food into smaller pieces.
Tongue Helps taste and move food while chewing.
Uvula The small flap in the back of the throat; helps with swallowing.
Liver Makes bile to break down fats; cleans toxins from blood.
Pancreas Makes enzymes for digestion and insulin for blood sugar.
Appendix Small tube off the cecum; may help immune function.
Upper Esophageal Sphincter Opens to let food from throat into esophagus.
Lower Esophageal (Cardiac) Sphincter Stops stomach acid from coming up.
Pyloric Sphincter Controls food leaving the stomach into the small intestine.
Created by: user-1898988
 

 



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