Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Patho Ch 40/41
Patho Exam 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acute skin conditions | -Bacterial or fungal infection -Contact with offending organism or allergen -Meds |
| Acute skin conditions can possibly transition to what? | To chronic skin conditions, might not be able to be resolved |
| What can some inflammatory disorders be? | Life threatening |
| Chronic skin conditions | -Long term, may or may not resolve -Viral infection (takes long to control) -May or may not resolve |
| Where is there pain from damage? | Pain from damage to first layer of the skin |
| What protects the body with acute skin disorders? | Immune system and intact skin |
| What does impaired tissue integrity lead to? | Immune response |
| Immune response from what will lead to lack of tissue integrity? | From allergy and inflammation |
| What is itchiness related to? | Histamine, do not know why the skin gets itchy tho |
| What does alterations in tissue perfusion lead to? | Damage or necrosis |
| What is cellulitis? | Diffuse painful inflammation of skin and subcutaneous layers induced by a bacterial infection that enters through a break in the skin |
| Examples of break in the skin that can cause cellulitis | -Cut -Scrape -Burn -Surgical incision -Bug bite |
| What age population gets cellulitis? | Adult population |
| Clinical manifestations of cellulitis | -Painful, red, swollen area of skin: hot, tender to touch -Fever and chills -Vesicles, bullae, plaques -Tachycardia, hypotension, confusion, headache |
| What bacteria is seen with cellulitis? | Staphylococcus bacteria |
| What is lymphadenitis with cellulitis? | Inflammation of the lymphatic system |
| What is lymphangitis with cellulitis? | Inflammation of the lymph nodes |
| What is impetigo? | Superficial acute, highly contagious skin infection |
| Etiology and pathogenesis of cellulitis | -Colonization facilitated by high temp, humidity, preexisting skin disorders -Recent antibiotic treatment |
| What age group gets impetigo? | Young age (2-5 years old), more often in infants and young children |
| Why do we need to treat impetigo with abx? | Highly contagious and spreads quick, cannot let kid go to daycare or park |
| What is furuncle? | Extension of folliculitis or infection of sebaceous gland |
| Where does furuncle spread? | Spreads down hair shaft through the follicle and into the dermis (bad odor) |
| What is carbuncle? | Cluster of infected hair follicles |
| The cluster of carbuncle comes together to form what? | Form lesion filled with pus, dead tissue, fluid (more than 2 sebaceous glands involved) |
| What is candidiasis? | Infection of skin or mucous membranes with any species of Candida |
| What type of bacteria is most common with candidiasis? | C. albicans most common |
| What moist areas do we find candidiasis? | Mouth, throat, lungs, vagina, folds of skin, bowel |
| What type of condition is candidiasis? | Usually secondary condition, allergy or bacterial infection that attracts fungus to the area |
| Where is candida normal? | In skin and mucous membranes |
| What can cause infection with candida? | Warmth, moisture, breaks in epidermis can cause infection |
| When is candida life threatening? | If it enters the bloodstream! |
| Clinical manifestations of candidiasis | -Thrush -Vaginal -Balanitis -Diaper Rash |
| What is thrush? | White covering of tongue, mouth, throat |
| What is vaginal yeast infection? | Itching, foul odor, white discharge |
| What is balanitis? | Flattened pustules, edema, burning, tenderness |
| What is diaper rash? | Dark red patches in skin folds, fluid-filled spots |
| What is tinea? | Contagious infection by different types of fungus (just induces pain) |
| What are superficial infections of tinea called? | Called dermatophytoses |
| What are tinea infections named by? | Location on the body |
| Tinea pedis | -Athletes foot -Itching, scaling, blisters between the toes |
| Tinea curis | -Jock itch -A rash in the groin area |
| Tinea capitis | -Ringworm of the scalp -Itchy, red patches, hair loss |
| Tinea corporis | -Ringworm on the body -Ring-shaped rash |
| Tinea versicolor | -Discolored -Scaly -Dry patches on the skin |
| What is necrotizing fasciitis known as? | Flesh-eating disorder |
| Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly spreading infection caused by what? | Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (very hard to treat) |
| What does necrotizing fasciitis start from? | Contagious ulcer, wound, untreated skin infection, complication of surgery, abscess |
| What is there an occlusion of with necrotizing fasciitis? | Small subcutaneous vessels, tissue ischemia, infarction, necrosis |
| When is there an increased incidence with necrotizing fasciitis? | Inc incidence with any autoimmune disease |
| What is steven-johnsons syndrome? | Rare disorder of the skin and mucous membranes |
| What does cell death cause in steven-johnsons syndrome? | Epidermis to separate from the dermis |
| Etiology of steven johnsons syndrome | -More than 200 meds -Infectious causes -Delayed hypersensitive reaction |
| Clinical manifestations of steven johnsons syndrome | -Flu-like symptoms -Symmetric burning rash: red, purple target lesions (in skin) |
| What can steven johnsons progress into? | Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) |
| What is toxic epidermal necrolysis? | Inflammation of skin caused by poison |
| What is TEN with spots? | Widespread with detachment of epidermis, erosion |
| TEN with spots is what percent of the body surface? | More than 30% of body surface area |
| What is TEN without spots? | Widespread with erythema, no lesions |
| TEN without spots is what percent of the body surface? | More than 10% of body surface area |
| Etiology of TEN | -Reactions to drugs -Bacterial infection -Malignancy (anything linked with cancer) -Graft versus host disease (bone marrow transplant) -Vaccinations |
| TEN clinical manifestations | -Flu-like symptoms -Rash, large blisters in center -Rash ruptures -Skin peels off |
| Examples of common causative organisms for chronic viral skin infections | -Herpes simplex virus -Varicella-zoster virus -Human papillomavirus |
| When is herpes simplex virus type 1 usually contracted? | During childhood |
| What do recurrences persist into with HSV-1? | Into old age, always in the body and occur throughout adulthood |
| What is the most common HSV-1 infection? | Herpes labialis (lips, cold sores) |
| What is affected with herpetic keratitis? | Eye |
| What is affected with herpetic whitlow? | Digits or hands |
| What is affected with herpetic gladiatorum? | Torso of wrestlers |
| What is affected with herpetic sycosis? | Beard follicles, hair follicles |
| What does herpes simplex virus type 2 cause? | -Most sexually transmitted angiogenital herpes -Cold sores |
| What are sexually transmitted angiogenital herpes? | Lesions on genitals, perineum, anus (openings) |
| What is less common with HSV-2 but still can happen? | Cold sores |
| How is HSV-2 likely to be contracted? | Via sexual contact |
| Who typically contracts HSV-2? | Adolescence or young adulthood |
| HSV-2 is the ____ most common US sexually transmitted infection | Fifth |
| There is 1 in how many adolescents and adults of both genders affected with HSV-2? | 1 in 6 |
| HSV: how does the virus enter the skin or mucous membrane? | Via a microscopic tear |
| HSV: where does the virus travel? | Sensory root ganglion |
| HSV: what does the virus become of the ganglion? | Virus becomes dormant and permanent resident of ganglion |
| HSV: what is triggered? | Cell mediated immune system is triggered, viral activation occurs |
| HSV: where does the virus travel from? | Travels from neuron to skin innervated by the neuron |
| HSV: what cells does the virus enter? | Virus enters dermal and epidermal cells |
| HSV: what does viral replication cause? | Recurrent rash outbreak, manifests at the surface |
| HSV clinical manifestations | -Asymptomatic herpes, mild fever -Prodrome: fever or flu-like symptoms -Red, swollen area of skin or mucous membrane develops -Eruption of painful vesicles -Regional lymph nodes swell |
| What do lesions do in HSV? | Lesions open and form painful ulcers that crust and begin healing |
| What may primary genital herpes cause? | May cause dysuria (pain peeing) and urinary retention, especially in women |
Created by:
mmc238