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Environmental
Chapter 7 Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biodiversity | Describes the variety of life across all levels of ecological organization. |
| Biodiversity hotspot | Focuses attention on areas where the greatest number of species can be protected with the least effort. |
| Captive breeding | Raising and breeding organisms in controlled conditions, such as zoos or aquariums. |
| Cloning | Inserting DNa from an endangered species into a cultured egg cell; process involves implanting eggs into mothers of closely related species. |
| Ecosystem diversity | Variety of habitats, ecosystems, and communities. |
| Ecotourism | Environmentally responsible, tourism is a source of income for many nations. |
| Endangered species | One that is at serious risk of extinction. |
| Endangered Species Act | U.S. law that protects biodiversity, passed in 1973. |
| Extirpation | Disappearance of a particular population from a given area but not of the entire species globally. |
| Genetic diversity | Difference in DNA among individuals. |
| Habitat Fragmentation | Patches of suitable habitat surrounded by unsuitable habitat. |
| Poaching | Illegal capture or killing of an organization. |
| Species diversity | Species diversity is a variety of species in a given area. |
| Threatened species | Vulnerable species, one that is likely to become endangered soon throughout all or part of its range. |
| List and define 5 causes of biodiversity loss: | 1: Invasive species 2:Pollution 3:Habitat change 4:Overharvesting 5:Human activity |
| What is the difference between a resistant ecosystem and a resilient ecosystem? | Resistant- Change without losing function Resilient- Affected by change but bounce back & gain function |
| How can biodiversity benefit agriculture? | Wild strays can be cross bred to transfer beneficial traits. |
| How can biodiversity benefit medicine? | Organisms contain compounds that are useful for treating disease. |
| Why has ecotourism been suspended in the Galapagos Islands? | Due to humans damaging the ecosystem too much. |
| Extinctions that occur one at a time, at a "normal" rate are referred to as what? | Background extinction |
| When a large number of extinctions occur very quickly, the event is referred to as what? | Mass extinction |
| Explain what happens during cloning. How could this help endangered Species? | Nucleus from an egg cell is replaced with a somatic cell to produce a genetically identical copy of the parent. Can be used to produce multiple young's from an individual. |
| What is the greatest cause of biodiversity loss? | Human activity |
| What are the characteristics of a stable ecosystem? | 1: High level of biodiversity 2: Is resistant to environmental disturbances 3: Resilient & can recover quickly 4: Has a consistent energy flow 5: Has efficient nutrient cycling |