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ch1 Cells 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | The basic unit of structure and function in living things. |
| Microscope | An instrument that makes small objects look larger. |
| Cell theory | A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and other things |
| Cell wall | A rigid supporting layer that surrounds the shells of plant and some other organisms. |
| Cell membrane | A thin flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of a cell |
| Nucleus | And cells, a large oval organelle that contains the cells, genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cells activities |
| Organelle | A tiny cell structure that carries out of specific function within the cell |
| Ribosome | A small green shaped organelle in the cytoplasm of a cell that produces proteins. |
| Cytoplasm | The fluid region of a cell located inside the cell membrane or between the cell membrane and nucleus. |
| Mitochondria | Rod shaped organelles that convert energy in food monitors to energy the cell can use to carry out its function. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | An organelle that forms a maze of passage ways, in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. |
| Golgi apparatus | An organelle in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum packages them and distributes them to other parts of the cell |
| Vacuole | A sack like organelle, that stores, food, water, and other materials |
| Chloroplast | An organelle in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and changes it to an energy form that cells can use in making food |
| Lysosome | So organelle which contains chemicals that breakdown, large food particles and into smaller ones, and that can be used by the rest of the cell. |
| multicellular | Consisting of many cells |
| Unicellular | Made of a singular cell |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. |
| Organ | A body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that were together. |
| Organ system | A group of organs that work together to perform a major function |
| Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substancesby chemical or physical |
| Compound | A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio or proportion |
| Carbohydrate | An energy rich organic compound such as a sugar or starch that is made of the elements, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| Lipid | An energy rich organic compound such as fat oil or wax that is made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. |
| Protein | A large organic molecule made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur |
| Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |
| Nucleic acid | A very large organic molecule made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus that contains the instructions cells need to carry out all the functions of life. |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic Acid the genetic material that carries information about an organism and it’s past from parent to offspring |
| Doubled helix | The shape of a DNA molecule. |
Created by:
mzapinski002