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Immune System

QuestionAnswer
Innate Immunity immunity that's always present
First line of defense barriers like the skin
Second line of defense phagocytic cells that ingest foreign cells
Phagocytes meaning large cells that engulf pathogens
What are pathogens? Agents that cause disease
B cells produce antibodies, has unlimited diversity
T cells (in general) protects the body from infection by identifying and killing infected cells
T helper cells (analogy: commanders) activate other immune cells and help coordinate an immune response
T cytotoxic cells (the killers) directly destroy infected cells
T regulatory cells suppress immune response to prevent autoimmunity
What are antibodies proteins that bind specifically to substances identified by immune system (bind to antigen)
What type of cells are antibodies produced by? B cells (very specific antibody for a specific antigen)
What happens when an antibody binds to an antigen? The coding region changes
What is clonal selection? when new virus enters the body, B cell must know that antigen is present. This causes the B cell to go through the cell cycle rapidly and make more antibodies
What are the 2 pathways these B cells can go? 1) plasma cells that secrete more of the antibody 2) non-secreting memory cells that divide at a slow rate in case you get reinfected
What is clonal deletion kills cells off (opposite of clonal selection)
Primary Response when antigen is introduced "naive" lymphocytes proliferate to produce the plasma "effector" cells and memory cells
Secondary response when an antigen is encountered again, the memory cells are what proliferates and launches an army of plasma and T cells
Virus infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.
How do viruses infect? they need to hijack into the cell to be able to replicate and make new virus cells
Why do virus exist? they're good at existing. they can evolve to invade immune response
Created by: madalynes
 

 



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