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History 11/21/25
Enlightment and French Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tyranny | a state of government which rulers have unlimited power and use it unfairly (absolute monarch) |
| social contract | an agreement between rulers and the ruled to cooperate for mutual social benefits in pursuit of an orderly society with clearly defined rights and responsibilities for each |
| natural rights | rights people are born with such as life, liberty, and property (John Locke wanted this) |
| Who proposed the social contract? | Thomas Hobbes - believed in absolute monarch John Locke - believed in constitutional manarch |
| What inspired the Enlightment? | 1. Renaissance, 2. Protestant Refromation because it challenged aurhority, and the 3. Scientific Revolution |
| philosophes | social critics (philosophers of enlightenment) |
| lassiz-faire | belief that business and industries should regulate their activities without government interference (Adam Smith came up with this) Also think capitalism |
| Montesquieu | Wanted the separation of powers (executive, judicial, supreme) |
| Rousseau | Wanted DEMOCRACY, thought civilization had corrupted peoples natural goodness |
| Denis Diderot | Wrote the encyclopedia |