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4.2.1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oral Cavity | mouth |
| Pharynx | cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus. |
| Epiglottis | a flap of cartilage in the throat that acts as a protective lid for the windpipe, covering the larynx during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the lungs. |
| Esophagus | the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach |
| Stomach | a J-shaped muscular organ in the upper abdomen that receives food from the esophagus and digests it by mixing it with digestive juices |
| Small Intestine | a long, coiled tube in the digestive system, about 20 feet long, that absorbs nutrients from food and passes them to the bloodstream |
| Duodenum | he first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach |
| Jejunum | the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum. |
| Ileum | the third portion of the small intestine |
| Cecum | a pouch that marks the beginning of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen |
| Large Intestine | the final section of the digestive system, responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter, forming stool, and eliminating waste from the body |
| Ascending Colon | the part of the large intestine that extends upward on the right side of the abdomen, from the cecum to the hepatic flexure |
| Transverse Colon | the longest and most movable part of the large intestine, located horizontally across the upper abdomen |
| Descending Colon | n the digestive system is to store the remains of digested food that will be emptied into the rectum. |
| Sigmoid Colon | the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. |
| Rectum | the final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus |
| Anus | the opening at the end of the alimentary canal through which solid waste matter leaves the body. |
| Salivary Glands | glands in the head and neck that produce saliva to aid in digestion, chewing, and swallowing, and to keep the mouth moist and healthy |
| Teeth | hard structures in the mouth that are vital for chewing food, speaking clearly, and contributing to facial structure. |
| Tongue | a muscular organ in the mouth that aids in tasting, swallowing, and speaking |
| Uvula | a fleshy extension at the back of the soft palate which hangs above the throat. |
| Liver | the body's largest solid organ, located in the upper right abdomen |
| Pancreas | a large gland behind the stomach which secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Embedded in the pancreas are the islets of Langerhans, which secrete into the blood the hormones insulin and glucagon. |
| Appendix | a small organ in the human body or a supplementary section at the end of a document |
| Upper esophageal | lies at the back of the mediastinum behind the trachea, adjoining along the tracheoesophageal stripe, and in front of the erector spinae muscles and the vertebral column. |
| Lower esophageal (Cardiac) | efers to the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), also called the cardiac sphincter, which is a muscle at the junction of the esophagus and stomach |
| Pyloric | refers to the pylorus, the muscular valve at the lower end of the stomach that controls the flow of food into the small intestine |
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