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Path Ch 6
Pathology Chapter 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| three main functions of the kidneys are to | filter waste form blood, balance body fluids, form urine |
| hematuria | blood in urine |
| protienuria | protein in urine |
| pyuria | pus in urine |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| polyuria | frequent urination |
| hydronephrosis | dilation of the pelvicalyceal |
| hydroureters | dilation of the ureter |
| trigone | triangle area between ureters and urethra (bottom of bladder) |
| uremia | excessive amounts of urea and nitrogen in the blood |
| The ureter and corresponding half of the trigone are missing | Unilateral Renal Agenesis |
| ectopic kidneys are found where | pelvic kidney, intrathoracic kidney |
| The ectopic kidney lies on the same side as the normal kidney and is very commonly fused with it | crossed ectopia |
| Treatment for Congenital/Hereditary Anomalies in most cases | no treatment needed |
| Treatment for Congenital/Hereditary Anomalies if obstruction occurs | stent placement |
| Treatment for Congenital/Hereditary Anomalies if infection occurs | antibiotics or surgery |
| A cystic dilatation of the distal ureter near its insertion into the bladder | Ureterocele |
| Prolapse of the distal ureter into the bladder | adult |
| associated with ureteral duplication (children) | ectopic uteroceles |
| Destructive process with enlargement of calyces | tuberculosis |
| A destructive process involving a varying amount of the medullary papillae and the terminal portion of the renal pyramids | Papillary Necrosis |
| cystitis is most common in men or women | women |
| ___% of urinary calculi have enough calcium to be radiopaque | 8 |
| causes of UTI | urinary calculi, enlarged prostate, congenital malformation |
| adult UTI | Urinary calculi, pelvic tumor, urethral strictures, and enlarged prostate |
| children UTI | Congenital malformation. |
| Most common unifocal mass of the kidney | renal cyst |
| most common renal cancer | renal carcinoma- hypernephroma |
| Most common abdominal neoplasm of childhood | Wilms tumor |
| wilms tumor lesions arise from where | embryonic renal tissue |
| causes of renal vein thrombosis | severe dehydration, complication of other renal disease |
| acute renal failure | Rapid deterioration in kidney function with accumulation of nitrogen-containing waste |
| Uremia | Excessive amounts of urea and nitrogen in the blood |
| t/f: old kidneys are generally left in place | true |
| where are new kidneys placed | pelvis |
| supernumerary kidney | 3-4 kidneys |
| hypoplastic kidney | "mini me" less cells |
| most common kidney abnormality | horshoe kidney |
| other names for complete fusion | pancake, lump, disk, doughnut |
| bladder infection that travels to the kidney | pyelonephritis |
Created by:
rnmps