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Biology 1408

QuestionAnswer
Cellular respiration is a series of reactions that produces __________ for the cell. Energy
What gas is required for respiration? Oxygen
What gas is produced by respiration? Carbon Dioxide
Cellular respiration takes place in which organelle? Mitochondria
Reactants and products of respiration? R: C6H12O6 O2 P: CO2, H2O, ATP
In the experiment, which pH indicator was used to measure carbon dioxide? Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
When using the pH indicator, it will turn __________ in acidic solutions and __________ in basic and neutral solutions. Yellow, Blue
Did breathing into the water cause it to become acidic or basic? Acidic
The more we exercise, the __________ our muscle cells produce. CO2
Photosynthesis takes place in which organelle? Chloroplast
Reactants and products of photosynthesis? R: CO2, H2O P: C6H12O6, O2
What gas do plants and algae take in for photosynthesis? CO2
What gas do plants and algae release during photosynthesis? O2
__________ is the pigment that absorbs light to power photosynthesis. Chlorophyll
To observe gas produced by photosynthesis, where was the plant in the test tube placed? In the light
What was added to increase carbon dioxide in the water? Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda)
What were the bubbles released? O2
What is the name of the plant that was used? Elodea
The 4 nitrogen bases in DNA? Adenine. Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
DNA is wrapped around proteins to make up structures in the cell called __________. Chromosomes
The monomers of DNA are called __________. Nucleotides
DNA was isolated from what type of cells? Human cheek cells
In the lab, DNA would precipitate when __________ was added. Alcohol
What did the lysis solution do? Broke lipids (membranes)
What are the three parts of each nucleotide? Sugar, phospate, nitrogen base
What is the shaped of a DNA molecule? Double Helix
G1, S, and G2 make-up what is known as __________. Interphase
A cell in interphase will have the DNA in the form of __________. Chromatin
The division of the nucleus is known as __________. Mitosis
The division of the cytoplasm is known as __________. Cytokinesis
In what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes appear? Prophase
In what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes disappear? Telophase
In what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up on the middle of the spindle? Metaphase
In what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes move apart to the opposite poles? Anaphase
Division of the cytoplasm occurs during which phase of mitosis? Cytokinesis
What do you call the dark-staining bodies seen during mitosis? Chromosomes
How do you recognize cytokinesis in a plant cell? Cell plate
How do you recognize cytokinesis in an animal cell? Cleavage furrow
Meiosis produces cell called __________. Gametes
The cells formed by meiosis are __________. (diploid, haploid) Haploid
A diploid cell has __________ set(s) of chromosomes. 2
The diploid number for humans is __________. 46
A haploid cell has __________ set(s) of chromosomes. 1
The haploid number for humans is __________. 23
Before meiosis begins, what must occur in the nucleus? Homologous chromosomes pair up
What is formed when gametes fuse at fertilization? Zygote
In the meiosis kit, the beads represent __________. Chromosomes
What did the magnets represent? Centromere
What did the strings represent? Spindle fibers
The strings ran from the chromatids to the __________, and pulling on the strings represented which phase of meiosis? Centrioles, Anaphase
What did the different colors (red and yellow) represent? Maternal/Paternal chromosomes
When red beads of a chromosome were switched with yellow beads, this represented the process of __________ that occurs in meiosis. Crossing over
The different forms of a gene (that influence a trait) are called __________. Alleles
__________ is the study of heredity. Genetics
__________ is known as the "Father of Genetics." Gregor Mendel
In most organisms, their is one pair of sex chromosomes. The remaining chromosomes are called __________. Autosomes
__________ is thee genetics makeup of an organism, or the alleles it has. Genotype
__________ is the observable, the physical characteristics of an organism. Phenotype
__________ means possessing identical genes for a trait. Homozygous
__________ means possessing different genes for a trait. Heterozygous.
A __________ allele is represented by a capital letter. Dominant
A __________ allele is represented by a lower-case letter. Recessive
The grid used to record offspring possibilities is called a __________. Punnet square
Is Huntington's disease (chorea) caused by a dominant or recessive gene? Dominant
Is Cystic Fibrosis caused by a dominant of recessive gene? Recessive
__________ dominance is when neither allele is dominant or recessive and they both influence a trait. Incomplete
2 Examples of incomplete dominance that that we represented in the lab? Blood type and sickle cell anemia.
In the exercize showing sex ration, what were the letters for the father's genotype? What about the mothers? XY, XX
Traits inherited on the X chromosomes are called __________ traits. Sex linked
The sex of child is determined by which parent? Father
Give the blood type of each of the following genotypes: ii, IAi, IAIB, IBIB, IBi, IAIA. O, A, AB, B, B, A
How are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes? lack nucleus, lack membrane bound organelles, small
Most prokaryotes are __________ or __________. Bacteria, Cynobacteria
How are bacteria and cynobacteria different Bacteria are heterotrophs, Cynobacteria are photosynthetic
When cells occur in chains, the prefix __________ is used. Strepho
When cells occur in grape-like clusters, the prefix __________ is used> Staphylo
Spherical bacteria? Coccus
Rod-shaped bacteria Bacilus
Cork shaped bacteria Spirillum
What common infections are caused by Staphylococcus aureus? Staph
What common infections is cause by Strephtococcus organisms? Strep
Cynobacteria live in water, so they are described as being __________. Aquatic
Are bacteria heterotrophic or autotrophic? Heterotrophic
Are Cynobacteria heterotrophic or autotrophic? Autotrophic
Protists have a nucleus so they are __________ organisms that are difficult to classify because they are not animals, plants, or fungi. Eukaryotic
Name a protozoan studies in this lab: __________. Amoeba Proteus
Name an algae organism studied in this lab: __________. Euglena
In the protozoans, which organelle expels water from the cell so it won't burst from osmosis? Contractile vacuole
What is the main difference between protozoans and algae? Protozoans are heterotrophs and algae is an autotroph.
When there are 2 nuclei, the large one is called the __________ and the small one is the __________. Macronucleus, Micronucleus
What are the three different structures used for motility in the protozoans? Cillia, Pseudopods, Flagella
How does an Amoeba move? Pseudopods
Is an Amoeba an autotroph or a heterotroph? Heterotroph
How does a Paramecium move? Cillia
Is the Paracelium an autotroph or a heterotroph? Heterotroph
Which algae organisms were observed in pond-water? Euglena
Which algae was long, filamentous and reproduce by conjunction? Spirogyra
Which algae was geometric-looking due to its shell? Mixed diotoms
Be sure that you are able to name the protists that we observed under microscopes slides in class. Yes Sir
Created by: 27Cahefner
 

 



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