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The Endocrine Sys.

TermDefinition
Hormones Chemical messangers secreted by glands that travel through blood to target organs and control bodily functions.
Endocrine Function Secretion of substances like Insulin which metabolizes sugar.
Endocrine System Made up of many glands throughout the body that grouped together as one system because they all release hormones into the bloodstream.
Exocrine Function Secretion of digestive enzymes into the Duodenum.
The 4 Endocrine Glands The Pituitary, Adrenal, Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands.
Negative Feedback The process that allows endocrine glands control themselves.
Pituitary Gland Also called Hypophysis, is the ventral protrusion of the brain that has many functions, many that control other endocrine glands.
The 2 Parts of the Pituitary Glands 1. The Posterior Pituitary 2. The Anterior Pituitary.
The Posterior Pituitary The 1st part of the Pituitary Gland that is an outgrowth of nervous tissue from the Hypothalamus, that secretes 2 hormones, Antidiuretic Hormone(ADH) and Oxytocin.
ADH Antidiuretic Hormone, or Vasopressin, produced by nerve cells in the Hypothalamus that acts to improve water uptake in the renal collecting duct by increasing its permeability to water.
Oxytocin A hormone produced in by nerve cells in the Hypothalamus that stimulates milk production and stimulates contractions during labor.
The Anterior Pituitary Also called Adrenohypophysis, synthesizes the hormones it secretes.
The 7 Hormones Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary The Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone(TSH), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone(FSH), Luteinizing Hormone(LH), Growth Hormone(GH), Prolactin, and Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone(MSH).
Thyroid Glands 2 small glands inside and on each side of the neck, ventral to the Trachea that secrete the Thyroid Hormone and Calcitonin.
Calcitonin A hormone secreted by the thyroid Glands that helps regulate blood calcium levels.
Thyroid Hormone Controls cell metabolism and stimulates nervous tissue growth in young animals and also stimulates production of proteins and helps maintain blood glucose levels.
TSH Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, stimulates secretion of the Thyroid Hormone from the Thyroid Glands.
The Parathyroid Glands Glands that are adjacent and caudal to the thyroid glands that secrete a hormone called Parathyroid Hormone(PTH) that raises blood calcium levels and lowers Phosphorus.
The Adrenal Glands two small glands that sit on top of your kidneys, and they act like your body’s emergency response and energy-control centers. They make hormones that help you handle stress, stay alive, and keep your body balanced.
The 2 Sections of the Adrenal Glands 1. The Adrenal Cortex, and 2. Adrenal Medulla.
The Adrenal Cortex The outer layer of tissue of the Adrenal Glands, that secretes the hormones mineralocorticoids including Aldosterone, Gluccorticoids, Sex Hormones, and Androgens.
The Adrenal Medulla The inner core of the Adrenal glands made up of nervous tissue that secretes Epinephrine and Noreprinephrine
Aldosterone Stimulates the uptake of sodium and water and the excretion of potassium in the renal tubules which is important for regulating blood pressure.
Glucocorticoid Hormones Like Cortisol, a type of steroid that has many metabolic effects throughout the body that affect carbohydrate metabolism.
Islets of Langerhans Clumps of cells scattered among the exocrine pancreatic cells near the blood vessels that secrete Insulin and Glucagon.
Insulin Enables cells, especially liver, muscle, and fat cells to take glucose from the blood to be used for generating energy for cellular functions.
Glucagon Opposes many of the effects of Insulin by decreasing uptake of glucose by cells. Also stimulates the synthesis of Glucose from Glycogen in the liver.
Somatostatin A hormone secreted by the Pancreas that has many effects but primarily inhibits secretion of Insulin and Glucagon.
Diabetes Mellitus The most common problem associated with the pancreas, deficiency of Insulin secretion of lack of responsiveness to the presence of Insulin caused by damage to the beta cell in the Inslets of Langerhans.
Androgens A group of hormones involved in the development of male secondary sex characteristics.
Progesterone The primary Progestin, is involved preparing the uterus to receive the fertilized ovum.
The 6 Organs with Hormone Producing Cells The Kidneys, Stomach, Small Intestine, Placenta, Thymus and Paneal Body.
Gastrin A hormone produced by the stomach that stimulates the production of digestive enzymes in the stomach.
Created by: martiew
 

 



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