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Photosynthesis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ATP | compound used by cells to store and release energy |
| Photosynthesis | process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions and convert carbon dioxide into water and oxygen and energy-rich carbs such as sugars and starches |
| pigment | light absorbing molecules used by plants and other photosynthetic organisms |
| thylakoid | sac-like photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts |
| stroma | fluid portion of the chloroplast |
| NADP+ | carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules |
| light-independent reactions | set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light |
| light-dependent reactions | set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH |
| photosystem | cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids |
| electron transport chain | series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions |
| ATP synthase | cluster of proteins that span the thylakoid membrane and allow hydrogen ions to pass through it |
| Calvin cycle | the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars. |