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PHS - Legal/Ethics

QuestionAnswer
tort A wrongful act that does not involve a contract
Contract An agreement between two or more parties
Negligence The failure to give expected care
Libel Written defamation
Ethics Principles of morally right and wrong
False imprisonment Restricting an individual’s freedom
Malpractice Bad practice or professional wrongdoing
Defamation A false statement that damages someone’s reputation
Slander Spoken defamation
Assault A threat or attempt to injure
Battery Touching or performing a procedure on someone without consent (consent violation), even if it helps the patient
Privileged communication All information given to health personnel by a patient; confidential
Health care records Documents that belong to the health care facility (patients may request copies)
Abuse Any action that results in physical harm, pain, or mental anguish. (Physical, Verbal, Emotional)
Invasion of privacy Revealing personal information without consent or unnecessarily exposing a patient
Informed consent Permission given by a patient who is of sound mind and understands the procedure
DNR Do Not Resuscitate, no CPR or "bringing back to life"
Living will A legal document in which a person outlines their wishes for medical care if they become seriously ill and cannot communicate
Durable power of attorney for health care A legal document naming someone to make medical decisions if the person becomes unable
Autonomy The patient’s right to make their own decisions about their care
Beneficence Acting for the benefit and well-being of the patient
Concept: State Laws / Scope of Practice Health care workers must know and follow all laws and guidelines that define what they are legally allowed to do.
Concept: Confidentiality Patient information must not be shared with anyone who is not part of the patient’s care unless permission is given.
Concept: Translator Requirement A non-English-speaking patient must have a qualified translator when procedures or consent are discussed.
Concept: Ownership of Health Records The health care facility owns the physical records; patients have the right to obtain copies.
Concept: Mandatory Reporting Health care workers must immediately report any signs or suspicions of abuse.
Concept: Performing Procedures Health care workers should never perform a procedure unless they are trained and authorized to do it.
Concept: Advance Directive A document stating a person’s wishes about medical care if they cannot communicate. (Living wills are a form of this)
Concept: Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care A document naming another person to make medical decisions if the individual is unable.
Concept: Informed Consent Requirements Patients must be of legal age, mentally competent, and understand the procedure. Consent cannot be given by minors, intoxicated individuals, or confused patients.
Concept: Patient Identification Standards At least two identifiers must be used (name, birthdate, ID band).
Concept: Assault vs. Battery Assault is the threat of harm; battery is actual physical contact without permission.
Concept: Negligence vs. Malpractice Negligence is failing to provide expected care; malpractice is professional failure resulting in harm.
Concept: Invasion of Privacy (Information) Sharing patient information with media or others without permission.
Concept: Beneficence (Do Good) Acting in the patient’s best interest.
Concept: Non-Maleficence (Do no harm) The ethical principle that health care workers must avoid causing harm to patients.
Created by: adittrich
 

 



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