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Cancer

Biology

QuestionAnswer
Mitosis is used for the production of... somatic cells(body cells) which is every cell in an organism except sperm and eggs(gametes)
Somatic cells are..? Diploid (2N)
Diploid (2N) contain... both pairs chromosomes of each homologous chromosomes pair
Homologous chromosomes are... the same size & shape and carry genes for the same traits or characteristics (1st 22 pairs are autosomes, the last pair are the sex chromosomes)
Normal Cell Growth cells will divide to cover an area and stop when they receive a signal when they have "neighbors" on all sides
What happens when cells have missing "neighbors"? (injuries) the cells receive a signal to grow and divide to replace lost tissue
Cyclins are... a group of proteins which regulate “checkpoints” of the cell cycle
Internal Regulators are... proteins that respond to events inside the cell
External Regulators are... proteins that respond to events outside the cell
Apoptosis is... programmed cell death, so it prevents damaged cells from replicating
Cancer is... uncontrolled cell growth in a multicellular organism
How is cancer with regulation? cells do not respond to growth regulating signals, they also don't grow in a single layer, but in masses called tumors
Metastasis cancer cells can break away from the tumor and travel through the bloodstream; normal cells can't do this
Angiogenesis cancer cells can create there own blood vessel tissue
Immortal cancer cells can lengthen telomeres at the end of chromosomes
What are the causes of cancer? environmental, genetic factors, and mutations in tumor suppressor genes or proto-oncogenes
Cell Differentiation while the development of a multicellular organism, cells change from embryonic cells to specialized cells made to perform different functions by turning off certain genes
Stem cells unspecialized cells from all other cells differentiate from
Stem cells can.... be used to repair or replace damaged cells or tissues, controversial because harvested from embryo
Future solutions of stem cells are... extracting stem cells without hurting them and to make adult stem cells act more like
Created by: SamanthaMallon
 

 



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