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Plate Tectonics
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Pangea | a supercontinent that existed between about 335 and 175 million years ago |
| What is convection | the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat. |
| what is continental drift | the theory that Earth's continents have slowly moved across the planet's surface over geological time, driven by the movement of tectonic plates |
| what is folding | the bending or warping of rock layers due to compressional stress |
| what is mantle | the thick layer of Earth between the crust and outer core, whose slow convection currents are the primary driver of tectonic plate movement |
| what is a plate | a large, rigid slab of the Earth's lithosphere that moves relative to other plates |
| what are mountains | large natural elevations of the Earth's surface that form primarily through the movement and interaction of tectonic plates |
| what are glaciers | huge masses of ice that are a result of long-term cooling of the Earth's climate |
| what is core | the very hot and dense, metallic center of the Earth, composed of a solid inner core and a liquid outer core made primarily of iron and nickel |
| what are plains | a broad, flat area of land that may have formed through the collision of tectonic plates |
| what is weathering | the breakdown of surface materials by agents like wind, water, ice, and chemical reactions |
| what is erosion | the process of wearing away Earth's surface materials and transporting them elsewhere |
| what is sediment | refers to the loose particles of rock, minerals, and organic matter that accumulate in sedimentary basins, which are created by tectonic forces. |
| what is a delta | a landform, typically fan-shaped, formed at the mouth of a river where it enters a larger, stiller body of water like a lake or ocean |
| what is Subduction | the geological process in plate tectonics where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle |
| what is equinox | refers to the two points in the year (around March 20 and September 23) when the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator, resulting in approximately equal lengths of day and night across the globe |
| what is a revolution | the orbital motion of a celestial body as it travels in a path, or orbit, around another object |
| what is an orbit | the curved path that one celestial body or artificial object follows around another due to gravity |
| what is a rotation | the spinning motion of an object around its own internal, imaginary line called an axis of rotation |
| what is a solstice | a moment in time when the Sun's apparent path in the sky is farthest north or south of the Earth's equator |