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toxo ch 18
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Automaticity | SA node P cells generate pacemaker potential, brings membrane potential to near threshold, allows Ca++ influx ® phase 0 rapid depolarization |
| Contractility | myocyte contraction occurs when AP causes EC Ca++ influx ® Ca++ release from SE = excitation-contraction coupling; contraction strength directly proportional to [Ca++] |
| Electrotonic Cell-to-Cell Coupling | gap junctions spread Na+ rapidly between adjacent cardiomyocytes, allows synchronization |
| Neurohormonal Regulation | SA node generates cardiac cycle; ANS regulation controls cardiac function under normal & abnormal conditions |
| Cardiac Output | 1° indicator of cardiac function; dependent on heart rate & stroke volume – resting: ~5L/min in avg adult; w/ strenuous exercise: > 35L/min |
| •Cardiac Output | 1° indicator of cardiac function; dependent on heart rate & stroke volume – resting: ~5L/min in avg adult; w/ strenuous exercise: > 35L/min |
| Action potential | depolarization to completion of repolarization |
| Cardiac AP: five phases | Phase 0, Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, Phase 4 |
| Electrocardiogram Three waves | P wave, R wave (QRS complex), T wave |