Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
LAP Final Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| caudillo | military leader, 19th century "age of caudillos" aka "regional strongmen" 148 coups in 75-80 yrs, overthrew weak central militaries |
| New military professionalism | Alfred Stepan argued old prof meant military trained to address threats to external security, vs new prof trained to address threats to internal security (class or ethnic based insurgencies) |
| U.S. Army School of the Americas | spearheaded new prof for military, many Latin Am regime leaders trained up here, huge waves of protest, in 1980s book on torture techniques found, name changed to Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation, required human rights course |
| middle-class military coup | Jose Nun theory that origins/values/interests of officer corps coincide w middle class, threatened by political movements repping lower class interests, military intervening to protect middle class interests |
| political legitimacy | belief that existing political institutions are most appropriate ones for society, Seymour Martin Lipset theory that military only intervenes in response to crisis of political legitimacy |
| technocrat | individuals with high level of specialized academic training selected to occupy key decision-making advisory roles in large, complex orgs, may be civil or military, low tolerance for social or political discord, popular activism=obstacle to econ dev |
| bureaucratic-authoritarian regime | O'Donell: economic probs via end of ISI 'easy phase' + increased popular sector activism in response to neoliberal policies > civic and military technocrats joining in coup coalition to establish repressive b-a regime to end economic and political crisis |
| Torturer Dilemma | Samuel Huntington dilemma after regime conclusion whether to prosecute and punish or forgive and forget military perpetrators |
| revolution | rapid, basic transformation of society's political, economic, AND social strucutres carried out by revolutionary vanguard that has mobilized broad, popular support |
| coup d'etat | focused more on political structure, sometimes touches economy, but often uninterested in uprooting social structure, in Spanish: golpe de estado |
| rebellion | more spontaneous uprising, likely focused on specific policy and uninterested in gaining lasting power |
| Che Guevara | respected member of Cuban revolution alongside Fidel Castro, 'Comandante' status, traveled around after Cuban rev joining other revs, belief in rev violence and rebellious ideology |
| just war theory | set criteria to determine whether political violence can be justified, liberalism paradigm, 'under what conditions might war be justified' just cause, right intention, limited objective, proportionality, last resort, reasonable hope of success |
| shifting of mass loyalties (Wickham-Crowley) | when peasant support insufficient, must seek broad base of support from urban working class and sectors of middle and upper classes, result in struggle for legitimacy between state and guerillas |
| military strength (Wickham-Crowley) | strength of guerillas relative to state-established, defined by external support (ex training from other countries), internal financing (via taxation, ransom, bank robbery, vacuna, etc), and internal solidarity (consistent beliefs) |
| peasant support (Wickham-Crowley) | most present in Agrarian structure and under peasant dislocation (landless peasantry nothing to lose), results in legitimacy, intelligence, basic living, and knowledge of land |
| revolutionary vanguard | in Latin Am often refers to guerilla movement but must distinguish what counts as broad, popular support |
| prosecute and punish justification | truth and justice, moral obligation to victims/family, military cannot be above the law, deterrent for future violations, establish legitimacy of new democratic system |
| forgive and forget justification | dem must mean reconciliation, democratizaiton must mean understanding no retribution for past (agreement for leaving power), crimes justified and wide support at time, many share guilt (where to draw line?), consolidation of dem > individual punishment |
| Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) | as opposed to export-oriented ind, focus on providing internal market w manufactured goods previously imported, need a lot of capital and technology > FDI, neolib econ policies |
| characteristics of the military | isolation from society (particularly officer corps), self image (citizens in uniform sub to civ leaders vs creators of nation, guardians of national order), conscription-basis > class distinctions (lower class conscripted vs mid/upper class enlisted) |
Created by:
lyricagee