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Sociology Test 4 Rev
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Affirmative action | Policies to help groups who have faced unfair treatment get equal chances in jobs or school. |
| Multinational corporations | Big companies that do business in many countries. |
| Unequal trade relationships | Trading where one side gets more benefits than the other. |
| Racial profiling | Targeting someone based on their race, not evidence. |
| Dependency Theory | The idea that rich countries keep poor countries dependent on them. |
| Political and economic exploitation | Using power to take unfair advantage of others. |
| Developing countries | Countries that are not as rich or industrialized. |
| Social stability | When society is peaceful and orderly. |
| Structural Functionalism | A view that sees society as parts working together to stay stable. |
| Native Americans | The first people living in the United States. |
| Eliminating prejudice and discrimination in society | Stopping unfair treatment based on race, gender, or other differences. |
| Recognition of women | Acknowledging the rights and achievements of women. |
| Sexual harassment | Unwanted sexual behavior, often at work or school. |
| Glass ceiling | An invisible barrier that stops women or minorities from advancing. |
| Conflict theorists | People who believe society is shaped by power struggles. |
| Gender role differentiation | The way society expects men and women to behave differently. |
| Earnings of men and women | How much money men and women make, often showing a gap. |
| Women and fast-paced jobs | How women are affected by or participate in demanding jobs. |
| Every stay-at-home dad | Men who care for the home and children instead of working outside. |
| Peripheral countries | Poorer countries on the edge of the world economy. |
| Capitalists’ use of minorities | When businesses use minority groups for cheap labor or to divide workers. |
| A minority (subordinate) group | A group with less power or fewer rights than the majority. |
| Racism | Belief that one race is superior to others. |
| Ethnocentrism | Believing your own culture is better than others. |
| Expulsion | Forcing people to leave a place or country. |
| Amalgamation | When two groups blend together to form a new group. |
| Assimilation | When a minority group adopts the culture of the majority. |
| Pluralism | Different groups keep their own culture but live together equally. |
| Latinos in the United States of America | People in the U.S. with roots in Latin American countries. |
| Cuban Americans | Americans with Cuban heritage. |
| Puerto Ricans | People from Puerto Rico or of Puerto Rican descent. |
| Mexican Americans | Americans with Mexican heritage. |
| Tribal Native American groups | Indigenous groups in the U.S. with their own traditions. |
| Chinese Immigration Act | A law that restricted Chinese people from immigrating to the U.S. |
| The subjugation of women | Keeping women in lower positions or denying their rights. |
| Jews in the world | People who follow the Jewish religion or have Jewish heritage. |
| Individual discrimination | One person treating another unfairly because of group membership. |
| Institutional discrimination | Unfair treatment built into laws or policies. |
| Immigrants coming into the US | People moving to the U.S. from other countries. |
| Nativism | Favoring people born in a country over immigrants. |
| Minority group | Any group with less power or status in society. |
| Marx | Karl Marx, a thinker who focused on class struggle and social change. |
| Arab Americans | Americans with roots in Arab countries. |
| Suicide rate | How often people in a group die by suicide. |
| Females abused by their husbands or boyfriends | Women who are harmed by their partners. |
| Becoming a minority group | When a group loses power or becomes less dominant. |
| Gender differences | Ways that men and women are different, by society's standards. |
| Rate of welfare dependency | How many people rely on government aid. |
| White ethnic groups | White people with specific backgrounds, like Irish, Italian, etc. |
| Sexual harassment at the workplace | Unwanted sexual behavior at work. |
| Women | The Oppressed Majority |
| Discrimination without prejudice | Treating people unfairly without personal dislike. |
| The culture of men | Beliefs and behaviors considered typical for men. |
| The main patterns that arise out of intergroup relations (Patterns of Intergroup Relations) | Ways groups interact, like assimilation or conflict. |
| The five basic characteristics of a minority group | Traits like unequal treatment, physical/cultural traits, group identity, involuntary membership, and in-group marriage. |
| How prejudice and discrimination may be dysfunctional for society | Ways unfair treatment hurts society as a whole. |
| Formation of minority groups | How groups become minorities, often through conquest or immigration. |
| Types of discrimination | Different forms, such as individual or institutional. |
| Race and ethnicity | Race |
| Factors that affect gender stratification and inequality | Things that influence differences between men’s and women’s status. |
| Prejudice and discrimination | Negative attitudes (prejudice) and actions (discrimination) against groups. |
| Causes of prejudice | Reasons people develop negative attitudes towards others. |