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Neurons/Neuroglia

QuestionAnswer
Central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system consists of the other nerves not in the brain or spinal cord
Cranial nerves originate in the brain
Spinal nerves originate in the spinal cord
Sensory (Afferent) Division of PNS sends impulses from the senses to the CNS
Sympathetic Division of PNS used in emergency situations (“fight or flight”)
Parasympathetic Division of PNS reduces sympathetic response and provides resting functions such as digestion and urination
Motor (Efferent) Division of PNS sends impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands
Autonomic Nervous System involuntary muscle control
Somatic Nervous System voluntary muscle control
Neurons conduct impulses around the body (make up only 10% of nerve cells)
Neuroglia “nerve-glue”- support, insulate & protect neurons (90% of nerve cells)
Dendrites- bring impulses towards the cell body
Axons send impulses away from the cell body
axon terminals release neurotransmitters to pass impulse to the next neuron
How are neurons classified? by the number of processes they have or by their function.
Myelin helps the nerve impulses to travel more quickly.
myelin sheath collective term for the myelin wrappings
Schwann cells provide myelin insulation to neurons in the peripheral nervous system
Nodes of Ranvier. gaps between the myelin sheaths
Astrocytes Support & anchor neurons to surrounding capillaries in the CNS
Microglia Provide immune response to central nervous system
Ependymal cells Secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Oligodendrocytes Provide myelin insulation to neurons in the central nervous system
Satellite cells Support and anchor neurons in the peripheral nervous system
Created by: jthomas1499
 

 



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