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RTE ch. 18 and 19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| compulsive need to use a substance; stopping use would cause the user to suffer mental, physical and emotional distress | addiction |
| substances such as marijuana and hashish that are derived from the cannabis sativa plant; can produce feelings of elation, distorted perceptions of time and space, and impaired motor coordination and judgment | cannabis products: hashish, marijuana, THC, synthetic cannabinoids |
| the desire or need to continuously use a substance | dependency |
| substance affects central nervous system and slows down physical and mental activity; can be used to treat anxiety, tension and high blood pressure | depressant: alcohol, narcotics, sedatives, GHB, OTC sleep aids |
| any substance, other than food, intended to affect the functions of the body | drug |
| a substance that affects mood, sensation, thinking, emotion and self-awareness; alters perception of time and space; and produces hallucinations or delusions | hallucinogen: LSD, PCP, Mescaline, peyote, DMT |
| a substance, such as a medication, that a person inhales to counteract or prevent a specific condition; also a substance inhaled to produce mood-altering effects | inhalant: medical anesthetics, butane, acetone, fuel, propellants, propane |
| a drug given therapeutically to prevent or treat the effects of a disease or condition, or otherwise enhance mental or physical well-being | medication |
| a drug used to dull the senses or reduce pain; often derived from opium or opium-like compounds | opioid narcotic: morphine, codeine, heroine, oxycodone, methadone |
| the use of an excessive amount of a substance, resulting in adverse reactions ranging from mania (mental and physical hyperactivity) and hysteria to coma and death | overdose |
| a substance that affects the central nervous system and speeds up physical and mental activity | stimulant: caffeine, cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine, ephedra, decongestants |
| the deliberate, persistent, excessive use of a substance without regard to health concerns or accepted medical practices | substance abuse |
| the use of a substance for unintended purposes or for intended purposes but in improper amounts or doses | substance misuse |
| created when two or more drugs are combined; effects of each may enhance those of the other | synergistic effect |
| condition in which effects of a substance on the body decrease as result of continued use | tolerance |
| condition of mental and physical discomfort produced when a person stops using or abusing a substance to which they are addicted | withdrawal |
| signs and symptoms | unexplainable behavioral changes, sudden mood changes, restlessness, talkativeness or irritability, changes in level of consciousness (unresponsive), slurred speech or poor coordination, moist or flushed skin, chills, nausea or vomiting |
| When checking the scene for safety, | do not approach the person if they are behaving in a threatening manner. |
| Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number immediately if the victim is | unresponsive, confused or responsive but not fully awake; has trouble breathing or breathing irregularly; has persistent chest pain or pressure; has pain or pressure in abdomen that doesn't go away; is vomiting or passing blood; has a seizure |
| If none of the previous conditions are present, and you have good reason to suspect a substance was taken, | call the national Poison Help line at 800-222-1222 and follow the call taker's direction. |
| Care for substance abuse and misuse | Try to learn from person or others about what substances may have been taken, calm and reassure the person, and keep them from getting chilled or overheated |
| signs and symptoms of opioid overdose | slowed and/or shallow breathing (or no breathing), extreme drowsiness or becoming unresponsive, small pupils, cyanosis, faint or absent heartbeat |
| Care for opioid overdose | call 9-1-1 or designated emergency number and use naloxone if allowed by local rules and laws |
| potent and illegal street drugs formed from a medicinal substance whose drug composition has been modified | designer drugs |
| an eating disorder characterized by a long-term refusal to eat food with sufficient nutrients and calories | anorexia nervosa |
| an eating disorder characterized by eating excessively then purging unwanted calories by vomiting or using laxatives | bulimia |
| intense and debilitating muscle spasms in legs, arms and abdomen; painful, involuntary muscle spasms occurring after or during physical exertion, particularly in high heat and humidity | exercise-associated muscle cramps |
| inability to cope with heat and characterized by fatigue, nausea and/or vomiting, loss of appetite, dehydration, exercise-associated muscle cramps, dizziness with possible fainting, elevated heart and respiratory rate | exertional heat exhaustion |
| body's cooling mechanisms are overwhelmed and body systems begin to fail | exertional heat stroke |
| a condition in which body tissues freeze; most commonly occurs in fingers, toes, ears and nose | frostbite |
| who is at risk of heat/cold emergencies | people who perform strenuous exercise, elderly, young children, diabetes or heart disease, those who take diuretics |
| control center of body's temp; located in brain | hypothalamus |
| state of body being colder than usual core temp, caused by either excessive loss of body heat and/or the body's inability to produce/dissipate heat; heat cramps, exhaustion, stroke | hypothermia |
| develop rapidly and severe muscle contraction | signs and symptoms of heat cramps |
| care fore heat cramps | have victim rest in cool place, gently stretch muscle, apply gently pressure to muscle, replace fluids |
| normal body temp, cool, moist, pale skin, headache/nausea | signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion |
| care for heat exhaustion | rest in a cool place, replace fluids, may vomit, may show signs of altered consciousness --> call 9-1-1 or designated emergency number, use icepacks or cool packs under armpits or on the groin area |
| high body temp (>106 deg), red, hot skin, usu. dry, change in level of consciousness, rapid, weak pulse, rapid, shallow breathing | signs and symptoms of heat stroke |
| inadequate fluids in body's tissues | dehydration |
| fatigue, weakness, headache, irritability, nausea, dizziness, excessive thirst, dry lips and mouth, disorientation or delirium, loss of appetite, severe, thirst, unresponsiveness | signs and symptoms of dehydration |
| care for heat stroke | call EMS, if victim vomits, lay them down and try to keep cool, soak towels and cover victim, cold packs to victim's wrists, necks, ankles, not not use alcohol, monitor vital signs |
| shivering, numbness, slow, irregular pulse, change in level of consciousness | signs and symptoms of hypothermia |
| emergency care for hypothermia | call EMS, remove any wet clothing, gradually warm body, give victim warm liquids (if conscious), monitor vital signs |
| lack of feeling, waxy looking skin, skin is cold to touch, skin discoloration | signs and symptoms of frostbite |
| care for frostbite | do not rub, rewarm in 100-105 deg water, do not let infected part touch container, bandage with dry, clean dressing, do not let victim walk on feet until feeling |
| care for dehydration | replace fluids (water, sports drink), sip fluids, seek advanced medical care for severe hehydration |
| prevention of heat/cold illnesses | avoid being outdoors during extremely hot or cold times, layer clothing in cold weather, drink plenty of water prior to and during activity, frequent breaks |
Created by:
alumesi