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Unit 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| European Union (EU) | an economic association established in 1957 by a number of Western European countries to promote free trade among its members |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | 1949 alliance of nations that agreed to band together in the event of war and to support and protect each nation involved, primarily against Russia. |
| Warsaw Pact | An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO |
| North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | Agreement that created a free-trade area among the United States, Canada, and Mexico. |
| United Nations (UN) | an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security |
| Supranationalism | three or more countries agree to give up a degree of autonomy in order to pursue common goals. (ex. European Union) |
| Unitary system | A government that gives all key powers to the national or central government |
| Federalism | A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments |
| Confederate system | A system of government with a very weak central government and strong states. |
| Devolution | the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states |
| Ethnic cleaning | Forced removal of a group from an area. |
| Genocide | Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group |
| Terrorism | Acts of violence designed to promote a specific ideology or agenda by creating panic among an enemy population |
| Associations of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) | Organization of Southeast Asian countries after decolonization to promote peace and growth. |
| Arctic Council | 1996 Members include countries with territory in the Arctic Promotes sustainable development Dedicated to protecting the regions environment |
| African Union (AU) | An organization of African nations pursuing greater political and economic integration across the continent |
| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) | An organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum. |
| subnationalism | Identification with small ethnic and regional groups within a nation |
| Shatterbelt | an area of instability between regions with opposing political and cultural values |
| ethnic separatism | desired regional autonomy expressed by a culturally distinctive group within a larger, politically dominant culture |
| Territoriality | the defense of a bounded physical space against encroachment by other individuals |
| Prorupted State | A state that exhibits a narrow, elongated land extension leading away from the main territory. |
| Compact State | A state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly. |
| Fragmented State | A state that is not contiguous whole but rather separated parts. |
| Elongated State | A state with a long, narrow shape. |
| Perforated State | a state that completely surrounds another one |
| Microstate | A state or territory that is small in both size and population. |
| Landlocked | completely surrounded by land with no direct access to the ocean |
| centripetal force | An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state |
| centrifugal force | a force that divides people and countries |
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