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Biochemistry CAC

TermDefinition
Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP) location Found tightly Bound to E1
Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP) Function Decarboxylates pyruvate, yields hydoethyl-TPP
Lipoic acid (lipoamide) location Covalently bound to E2 via lysine "swinging arm"
Lipoic acid (lipoamide) function Accepts hydroxyethyl carbanion from TPP ass acetyl group
Co enzyme A (CoA) function Accepts acetyl group from lipoamide
Co enzyme A (CoA) location Dissociable substrate for E2
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) function Accepts pair of electrons from reduced lipoamide
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) location Tightly bound to E3
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) location Dissociable substate for E3
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) function Accepts a pair of electrons from reduced FADH2
Three enzymes that are apart of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH complex) pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide transacetylase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3)
E1 Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
E2 Dihydrolipoamide transacetylase
E3 Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is the coenzyme used for all decarboxylations of α-keto acids, which require a cofactor to help stabilize the carbanion intermediate that develops during the reaction.
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) vitamin Vitamin B1
Riboflavin vitamin Vitamin B2
Reaction of PDH step 1 Decarboxylation of Pyruvate: E1 catalyzes the decarboxylation of pyruvate, forming hydroxyethyl-TPP.
Reaction of PDH step 2 Transfer to Lipoamide: The hydroxyethyl group is transferred to a lipoamide moiety on E2, forming acetyl-dihydrolipoamide.
Reaction of PDH step 3 Formation of Acetyl-CoA: E2 transfers the acetyl group to CoA, producing acetyl-CoA.
Reaction of PDH step 4 Regeneration of Lipoamide: E3 reoxidizes dihydrolipoamide, transferring electrons to NAD+, forming NADH.
Niacin Vitamin Vitamin B3
Pantothenic Acid Vitamin Vitamin B5
Created by: user-2003596
 

 



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